cpr (libcpr) in SGI IRIX before 6.5.25 allows local users to gain privileges by loading a user provided library while restarting the checkpointed process.
Buffer overflow in login in various System V based operating systems allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a large number of arguments through services such as telnet and rlogin.
rdist in various UNIX systems uses popen to execute sendmail, which allows local users to gain root privileges by modifying the IFS (Internal Field Separator) variable.