The TCP implementation in (1) Linux, (2) platforms based on BSD Unix, (3) Microsoft Windows, (4) Cisco products, and probably other operating systems allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (connection queue exhaustion) via multiple vectors that manipulate information in the TCP state table, as demonstrated by sockstress.
Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in freePBX 2.2.x allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) From, (2) To, (3) Call-ID, (4) User-Agent, and unspecified other SIP protocol fields, which are stored in /var/log/asterisk/full and displayed by admin/modules/logfiles/asterisk-full-log.php.
The asynchronous I/O facility in 4.4 BSD kernel does not check user credentials when setting the recipient of I/O notification, which allows local users to cause a denial of service by using certain ioctl and fcntl calls to cause the signal to be sent to an arbitrary process ID.
Buffer overflow in passwd in BSD based operating systems 4.3 and earlier allows local users to gain root privileges by specifying a long shell or GECOS field.