singlevar in lparser.c in Lua from (including) 5.4.0 up to (excluding) 5.4.4 lacks a certain luaK_exp2anyregup call, leading to a heap-based buffer over-read that might affect a system that compiles untrusted Lua code.
An issue was discovered in Prosody before 0.11.9. It does not use a constant-time algorithm for comparing certain secret strings when running under Lua 5.2 or later. This can potentially be used in a timing attack to reveal the contents of secret strings to an attacker.