Microsoft: >> Windows 8.1 Security Vulnerabilities
An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when the Windows Kernel API improperly handles registry objects in memory. An attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability could gain elevated privileges on a targeted system.
A locally authenticated attacker could exploit this vulnerability by running a specially crafted application.
The security update addresses the vulnerability by helping to ensure that the Windows Kernel API properly handles objects in memory.
CVSS Score
7.5
EPSS Score
0.029
Published
2020-08-17
A memory corruption vulnerability exists when Windows Media Foundation improperly handles objects in memory. An attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability could install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights.
There are multiple ways an attacker could exploit the vulnerability, such as by convincing a user to open a specially crafted document, or by convincing a user to visit a malicious webpage.
The security update addresses the vulnerability by correcting how Windows Media Foundation handles objects in memory.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.253
Published
2020-08-17
CVE-2020-1380
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the scripting engine handles objects in memory in Internet Explorer. The vulnerability could corrupt memory in such a way that an attacker could execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user. An attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability could gain the same user rights as the current user. If the current user is logged on with administrative user rights, an attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability could take control of an affected system. An attacker could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights.
In a web-based attack scenario, an attacker could host a specially crafted website that is designed to exploit the vulnerability through Internet Explorer and then convince a user to view the website. An attacker could also embed an ActiveX control marked "safe for initialization" in an application or Microsoft Office document that hosts the IE rendering engine. The attacker could also take advantage of compromised websites and websites that accept or host user-provided content or advertisements. These websites could contain specially crafted content that could exploit the vulnerability.
The security update addresses the vulnerability by modifying how the scripting engine handles objects in memory.
Known exploited
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.917
Published
2020-08-17
An information disclosure vulnerability exists in RPC if the server has Routing and Remote Access enabled. An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could obtain information to further compromise the user’s system
To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker would need to run a specially crafted application against an RPC server which has Routing and Remote Access enabled. Routing and Remote Access is a non-default configuration; systems without it enabled are not vulnerable.
The security update addresses the vulnerability by correcting how the Routing and Remote Access service handles requests.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.007
Published
2020-08-17
CVE-2020-1464
A spoofing vulnerability exists when Windows incorrectly validates file signatures. An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could bypass security features and load improperly signed files.
In an attack scenario, an attacker could bypass security features intended to prevent improperly signed files from being loaded.
The update addresses the vulnerability by correcting how Windows validates file signatures.
Known exploited
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.105
Published
2020-08-17
An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when Windows improperly handles hard links. An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could overwrite a targeted file leading to an elevated status.
To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker would first have to log on to the system. An attacker could then run a specially crafted application that could exploit the vulnerability and take control of an affected system.
The security update addresses the vulnerability by correcting how Windows handles hard links.
CVSS Score
10.0
EPSS Score
0.017
Published
2020-08-17
Race condition in software installer for some Intel(R) Wireless Bluetooth(R) products on Windows* 7, 8.1 and 10 may allow an unprivileged user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.
CVSS Score
7.0
EPSS Score
0.015
Published
2020-08-13
Insecure inherited permissions in some Intel(R) PROSet/Wireless WiFi products on Windows* 7 and 8.1 before version 21.40.5.1 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2020-08-13
GRUB2 fails to validate kernel signature when booted directly without shim, allowing secure boot to be bypassed. This only affects systems where the kernel signing certificate has been imported directly into the secure boot database and the GRUB image is booted directly without the use of shim. This issue affects GRUB2 version 2.04 and prior versions.
CVSS Score
6.4
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2020-07-29
GRUB2 contains a race condition in grub_script_function_create() leading to a use-after-free vulnerability which can be triggered by redefining a function whilst the same function is already executing, leading to arbitrary code execution and secure boot restriction bypass. This issue affects GRUB2 version 2.04 and prior versions.
CVSS Score
6.4
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2020-07-29