The Mustache pix helper contained a potential Mustache injection risk if combined with user input (note: This did not appear to be implemented/exploitable anywhere in the core Moodle LMS).
Insufficient validation of profile field availability condition resulted in an SQL injection risk (by default only available to teachers and managers).
Insufficient sanitizing in backup resulted in an arbitrary file read risk. The capability to access this feature is only available to teachers, managers and admins by default.
In Moodle, in some circumstances, email notifications of messages could have the link back to the original message hidden by HTML, which may pose a phishing risk.