Security Vulnerabilities
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
recordmcount: Fix memory leaks in the uwrite function
Common realloc mistake: 'file_append' nulled but not freed upon failure
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-16
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
KVM: arm64: Handle kvm_arm_init failure correctly in finalize_pkvm
Currently there is no synchronisation between finalize_pkvm() and
kvm_arm_init() initcalls. The finalize_pkvm() proceeds happily even if
kvm_arm_init() fails resulting in the following warning on all the CPUs
and eventually a HYP panic:
| kvm [1]: IPA Size Limit: 48 bits
| kvm [1]: Failed to init hyp memory protection
| kvm [1]: error initializing Hyp mode: -22
|
| <snip>
|
| WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at arch/arm64/kvm/pkvm.c:226 _kvm_host_prot_finalize+0x30/0x50
| Modules linked in:
| CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.4.0 #237
| Hardware name: FVP Base RevC (DT)
| pstate: 634020c5 (nZCv daIF +PAN -UAO +TCO +DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
| pc : _kvm_host_prot_finalize+0x30/0x50
| lr : __flush_smp_call_function_queue+0xd8/0x230
|
| Call trace:
| _kvm_host_prot_finalize+0x3c/0x50
| on_each_cpu_cond_mask+0x3c/0x6c
| pkvm_drop_host_privileges+0x4c/0x78
| finalize_pkvm+0x3c/0x5c
| do_one_initcall+0xcc/0x240
| do_initcall_level+0x8c/0xac
| do_initcalls+0x54/0x94
| do_basic_setup+0x1c/0x28
| kernel_init_freeable+0x100/0x16c
| kernel_init+0x20/0x1a0
| ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
| Failed to finalize Hyp protection: -22
| dtb=fvp-base-revc.dtb
| kvm [95]: nVHE hyp BUG at: arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/mem_protect.c:540!
| kvm [95]: nVHE call trace:
| kvm [95]: [<ffff800081052984>] __kvm_nvhe_hyp_panic+0xac/0xf8
| kvm [95]: [<ffff800081059644>] __kvm_nvhe_handle_host_mem_abort+0x1a0/0x2ac
| kvm [95]: [<ffff80008105511c>] __kvm_nvhe_handle_trap+0x4c/0x160
| kvm [95]: [<ffff8000810540fc>] __kvm_nvhe___skip_pauth_save+0x4/0x4
| kvm [95]: ---[ end nVHE call trace ]---
| kvm [95]: Hyp Offset: 0xfffe8db00ffa0000
| Kernel panic - not syncing: HYP panic:
| PS:a34023c9 PC:0000f250710b973c ESR:00000000f2000800
| FAR:ffff000800cb00d0 HPFAR:000000000880cb00 PAR:0000000000000000
| VCPU:0000000000000000
| CPU: 3 PID: 95 Comm: kworker/u16:2 Tainted: G W 6.4.0 #237
| Hardware name: FVP Base RevC (DT)
| Workqueue: rpciod rpc_async_schedule
| Call trace:
| dump_backtrace+0xec/0x108
| show_stack+0x18/0x2c
| dump_stack_lvl+0x50/0x68
| dump_stack+0x18/0x24
| panic+0x138/0x33c
| nvhe_hyp_panic_handler+0x100/0x184
| new_slab+0x23c/0x54c
| ___slab_alloc+0x3e4/0x770
| kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x1f0/0x278
| __alloc_skb+0xdc/0x294
| tcp_stream_alloc_skb+0x2c/0xf0
| tcp_sendmsg_locked+0x3d0/0xda4
| tcp_sendmsg+0x38/0x5c
| inet_sendmsg+0x44/0x60
| sock_sendmsg+0x1c/0x34
| xprt_sock_sendmsg+0xdc/0x274
| xs_tcp_send_request+0x1ac/0x28c
| xprt_transmit+0xcc/0x300
| call_transmit+0x78/0x90
| __rpc_execute+0x114/0x3d8
| rpc_async_schedule+0x28/0x48
| process_one_work+0x1d8/0x314
| worker_thread+0x248/0x474
| kthread+0xfc/0x184
| ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
| SMP: stopping secondary CPUs
| Kernel Offset: 0x57c5cb460000 from 0xffff800080000000
| PHYS_OFFSET: 0x80000000
| CPU features: 0x00000000,1035b7a3,ccfe773f
| Memory Limit: none
| ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: HYP panic:
| PS:a34023c9 PC:0000f250710b973c ESR:00000000f2000800
| FAR:ffff000800cb00d0 HPFAR:000000000880cb00 PAR:0000000000000000
| VCPU:0000000000000000 ]---
Fix it by checking for the successfull initialisation of kvm_arm_init()
in finalize_pkvm() before proceeding any futher.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-16
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
Bluetooth: L2CAP: Fix use-after-free
Fix potential use-after-free in l2cap_le_command_rej.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-16
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
fsdax: force clear dirty mark if CoW
XFS allows CoW on non-shared extents to combat fragmentation[1]. The old
non-shared extent could be mwrited before, its dax entry is marked dirty.
This results in a WARNing:
[ 28.512349] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[ 28.512622] WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 5255 at fs/dax.c:390 dax_insert_entry+0x342/0x390
[ 28.513050] Modules linked in: rpcsec_gss_krb5 auth_rpcgss nfsv4 nfs lockd grace fscache netfs nft_fib_inet nft_fib_ipv4 nft_fib_ipv6 nft_fib nft_reject_inet nf_reject_ipv4 nf_reject_ipv6 nft_reject nft_ct nf_conntrack nf_defrag_ipv6 nf_defrag_ipv4 ip_set nf_tables
[ 28.515462] CPU: 2 PID: 5255 Comm: fsstress Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.3.0-rc1-00001-g85e1481e19c1-dirty #117
[ 28.515902] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS Arch Linux 1.16.1-1-1 04/01/2014
[ 28.516307] RIP: 0010:dax_insert_entry+0x342/0x390
[ 28.516536] Code: 30 5b 5d 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f c3 cc cc cc cc 48 8b 45 20 48 83 c0 01 e9 e2 fe ff ff 48 8b 45 20 48 83 c0 01 e9 cd fe ff ff <0f> 0b e9 53 ff ff ff 48 8b 7c 24 08 31 f6 e8 1b 61 a1 00 eb 8c 48
[ 28.517417] RSP: 0000:ffffc9000845fb18 EFLAGS: 00010086
[ 28.517721] RAX: 0000000000000053 RBX: 0000000000000155 RCX: 000000000018824b
[ 28.518113] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffffffff827525a6 RDI: 00000000ffffffff
[ 28.518515] RBP: ffffea00062092c0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffc9000845f9c8
[ 28.518905] R10: 0000000000000003 R11: ffffffff82ddb7e8 R12: 0000000000000155
[ 28.519301] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 000000000018824b R15: ffff88810cfa76b8
[ 28.519703] FS: 00007f14a0c94740(0000) GS:ffff88817bd00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[ 28.520148] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[ 28.520472] CR2: 00007f14a0c8d000 CR3: 000000010321c004 CR4: 0000000000770ee0
[ 28.520863] PKRU: 55555554
[ 28.521043] Call Trace:
[ 28.521219] <TASK>
[ 28.521368] dax_fault_iter+0x196/0x390
[ 28.521595] dax_iomap_pte_fault+0x19b/0x3d0
[ 28.521852] __xfs_filemap_fault+0x234/0x2b0
[ 28.522116] __do_fault+0x30/0x130
[ 28.522334] do_fault+0x193/0x340
[ 28.522586] __handle_mm_fault+0x2d3/0x690
[ 28.522975] handle_mm_fault+0xe6/0x2c0
[ 28.523259] do_user_addr_fault+0x1bc/0x6f0
[ 28.523521] exc_page_fault+0x60/0x140
[ 28.523763] asm_exc_page_fault+0x22/0x30
[ 28.524001] RIP: 0033:0x7f14a0b589ca
[ 28.524225] Code: c5 fe 7f 07 c5 fe 7f 47 20 c5 fe 7f 47 40 c5 fe 7f 47 60 c5 f8 77 c3 66 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 40 0f b6 c6 48 89 d1 48 89 fa <f3> aa 48 89 d0 c5 f8 77 c3 66 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 66 90
[ 28.525198] RSP: 002b:00007fff1dea1c98 EFLAGS: 00010202
[ 28.525505] RAX: 000000000000001e RBX: 000000000014a000 RCX: 0000000000006046
[ 28.525895] RDX: 00007f14a0c82000 RSI: 000000000000001e RDI: 00007f14a0c8d000
[ 28.526290] RBP: 000000000000006f R08: 0000000000000004 R09: 000000000014a000
[ 28.526681] R10: 0000000000000008 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 028f5c28f5c28f5c
[ 28.527067] R13: 8f5c28f5c28f5c29 R14: 0000000000011046 R15: 00007f14a0c946c0
[ 28.527449] </TASK>
[ 28.527600] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
To be able to delete this entry, clear its dirty mark before
invalidate_inode_pages2_range().
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-xfs/20230321151339.GA11376@frogsfrogsfrogs/
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-16
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
rbd: avoid use-after-free in do_rbd_add() when rbd_dev_create() fails
If getting an ID or setting up a work queue in rbd_dev_create() fails,
use-after-free on rbd_dev->rbd_client, rbd_dev->spec and rbd_dev->opts
is triggered in do_rbd_add(). The root cause is that the ownership of
these structures is transfered to rbd_dev prematurely and they all end
up getting freed when rbd_dev_create() calls rbd_dev_free() prior to
returning to do_rbd_add().
Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with SVACE, an
incomplete patch submitted by Natalia Petrova <n.petrova@fintech.ru>.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-16
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net: fec: Better handle pm_runtime_get() failing in .remove()
In the (unlikely) event that pm_runtime_get() (disguised as
pm_runtime_resume_and_get()) fails, the remove callback returned an
error early. The problem with this is that the driver core ignores the
error value and continues removing the device. This results in a
resource leak. Worse the devm allocated resources are freed and so if a
callback of the driver is called later the register mapping is already
gone which probably results in a crash.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-16
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/radeon: Fix integer overflow in radeon_cs_parser_init
The type of size is unsigned, if size is 0x40000000, there will be an
integer overflow, size will be zero after size *= sizeof(uint32_t),
will cause uninitialized memory to be referenced later
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-16
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
power: supply: axp288_fuel_gauge: Fix external_power_changed race
fuel_gauge_external_power_changed() dereferences info->bat,
which gets sets in axp288_fuel_gauge_probe() like this:
info->bat = devm_power_supply_register(dev, &fuel_gauge_desc, &psy_cfg);
As soon as devm_power_supply_register() has called device_add()
the external_power_changed callback can get called. So there is a window
where fuel_gauge_external_power_changed() may get called while
info->bat has not been set yet leading to a NULL pointer dereference.
Fixing this is easy. The external_power_changed callback gets passed
the power_supply which will eventually get stored in info->bat,
so fuel_gauge_external_power_changed() can simply directly use
the passed in psy argument which is always valid.
CVSS Score
4.7
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-16
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
nilfs2: fix use-after-free of nilfs_root in dirtying inodes via iput
During unmount process of nilfs2, nothing holds nilfs_root structure after
nilfs2 detaches its writer in nilfs_detach_log_writer(). Previously,
nilfs_evict_inode() could cause use-after-free read for nilfs_root if
inodes are left in "garbage_list" and released by nilfs_dispose_list at
the end of nilfs_detach_log_writer(), and this bug was fixed by commit
9b5a04ac3ad9 ("nilfs2: fix use-after-free bug of nilfs_root in
nilfs_evict_inode()").
However, it turned out that there is another possibility of UAF in the
call path where mark_inode_dirty_sync() is called from iput():
nilfs_detach_log_writer()
nilfs_dispose_list()
iput()
mark_inode_dirty_sync()
__mark_inode_dirty()
nilfs_dirty_inode()
__nilfs_mark_inode_dirty()
nilfs_load_inode_block() --> causes UAF of nilfs_root struct
This can happen after commit 0ae45f63d4ef ("vfs: add support for a
lazytime mount option"), which changed iput() to call
mark_inode_dirty_sync() on its final reference if i_state has I_DIRTY_TIME
flag and i_nlink is non-zero.
This issue appears after commit 28a65b49eb53 ("nilfs2: do not write dirty
data after degenerating to read-only") when using the syzbot reproducer,
but the issue has potentially existed before.
Fix this issue by adding a "purging flag" to the nilfs structure, setting
that flag while disposing the "garbage_list" and checking it in
__nilfs_mark_inode_dirty().
Unlike commit 9b5a04ac3ad9 ("nilfs2: fix use-after-free bug of nilfs_root
in nilfs_evict_inode()"), this patch does not rely on ns_writer to
determine whether to skip operations, so as not to break recovery on
mount. The nilfs_salvage_orphan_logs routine dirties the buffer of
salvaged data before attaching the log writer, so changing
__nilfs_mark_inode_dirty() to skip the operation when ns_writer is NULL
will cause recovery write to fail. The purpose of using the cleanup-only
flag is to allow for narrowing of such conditions.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-16
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net: hns: fix possible memory leak in hnae_ae_register()
Inject fault while probing module, if device_register() fails,
but the refcount of kobject is not decreased to 0, the name
allocated in dev_set_name() is leaked. Fix this by calling
put_device(), so that name can be freed in callback function
kobject_cleanup().
unreferenced object 0xffff00c01aba2100 (size 128):
comm "systemd-udevd", pid 1259, jiffies 4294903284 (age 294.152s)
hex dump (first 32 bytes):
68 6e 61 65 30 00 00 00 18 21 ba 1a c0 00 ff ff hnae0....!......
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
backtrace:
[<0000000034783f26>] slab_post_alloc_hook+0xa0/0x3e0
[<00000000748188f2>] __kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x164/0x2b0
[<00000000ab0743e8>] __kmalloc_node_track_caller+0x6c/0x390
[<000000006c0ffb13>] kvasprintf+0x8c/0x118
[<00000000fa27bfe1>] kvasprintf_const+0x60/0xc8
[<0000000083e10ed7>] kobject_set_name_vargs+0x3c/0xc0
[<000000000b87affc>] dev_set_name+0x7c/0xa0
[<000000003fd8fe26>] hnae_ae_register+0xcc/0x190 [hnae]
[<00000000fe97edc9>] hns_dsaf_ae_init+0x9c/0x108 [hns_dsaf]
[<00000000c36ff1eb>] hns_dsaf_probe+0x548/0x748 [hns_dsaf]
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-16