Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) 5.1 permits the IUSR_Machine account to execute non-EXE files such as .COM files, which allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via arguments to any .COM file that executes those arguments, as demonstrated using win.com when it is in a web directory with certain permissions.
Microsoft Windows XP has weak permissions (FILE_WRITE_DATA and FILE_READ_DATA for Everyone) for %WINDIR%\pchealth\ERRORREP\QHEADLES, which allows local users to write and read files in this folder, as demonstrated by an ASP shell that has write access by IWAM_machine and read access by IUSR_Machine.
Buffer overflow in Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) 5.0, 5.1, and 6.0 allows local and possibly remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted Active Server Pages (ASP).
The URL parser in Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) 5.1 on Windows XP Professional SP2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via multiple requests to ".dll" followed by arguments such as "~0" through "~9", which causes ntdll.dll to produce a return value that is not correctly handled by IIS, as demonstrated using "/_vti_bin/.dll/*/~0". NOTE: the consequence was originally believed to be only a denial of service (application crash and reboot).
Microsoft IIS 5.1 and 6 allows remote attackers to spoof the SERVER_NAME variable to bypass security checks and conduct various attacks via a GET request with an http://localhost URI, which makes it appear as if the request is coming from localhost.
Microsoft IIS 5.0 and 6.0 allows remote attackers to poison the web cache, bypass web application firewall protection, and conduct XSS attacks via an HTTP request with both a "Transfer-Encoding: chunked" header and a Content-Length header, which causes IIS to incorrectly handle and forward the body of the request in a way that causes the receiving server to process it as a separate HTTP request, aka "HTTP Request Smuggling."
The WebDAV Message Handler for Internet Information Services (IIS) 5.0, 5.1, and 6.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory and CPU exhaustion, application crash) via a PROPFIND request with an XML message containing XML elements with a large number of attributes.
Cross-site scripting vulnerability (XSS) in the ASP function responsible for redirection in Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS) 4.0, 5.0, and 5.1 allows remote attackers to embed a URL containing script in a redirection message.
Buffer overflow in ssinc.dll for Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) 5.0 allows local users to execute arbitrary code via a web page with a Server Side Include (SSI) directive with a long filename, aka "Server Side Include Web Pages Buffer Overrun."
The ASP function Response.AddHeader in Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS) 4.0 and 5.0 does not limit memory requests when constructing headers, which allow remote attackers to generate a large header to cause a denial of service (memory consumption) with an ASP page.