USBView 2.1 before 2.2 allows some local users (e.g., ones logged in via SSH) to execute arbitrary code as root because certain Polkit settings (e.g., allow_any=yes) for pkexec disable the authentication requirement. Code execution can, for example, use the --gtk-module option. This affects Ubuntu, Debian, and Gentoo.
Gentoo Portage through 2.3.84 allows local users to place a Trojan horse plugin in the /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins directory by leveraging access to the nagios user account, because this directory is writable in between a call to emake and a call to fowners.
The Gentoo app-backup/burp package before 2.1.32 sets the ownership of the PID file directory to the burp account, which might allow local users to kill arbitrary processes by leveraging access to this account for PID file modification before a root script sends a SIGKILL.
The Gentoo app-backup/burp package before 2.1.32 has incorrect group ownership of the /etc/burp directory, which might allow local users to obtain read and write access to arbitrary files by leveraging access to a certain account for a burp-server.conf change.
The Gentoo net-im/jabberd2 package through 2.6.1 installs jabberd, jabberd2-c2s, jabberd2-router, jabberd2-s2s, and jabberd2-sm in /usr/bin owned by the jabber account, which might allow local users to gain privileges by leveraging access to this account and then waiting for root to execute one of these programs.
The Gentoo net-im/jabberd2 package through 2.6.1 sets the ownership of /var/run/jabber to the jabber account, which might allow local users to kill arbitrary processes by leveraging access to this account for PID file modification before a root script executes a "kill -TERM `cat /var/run/jabber/filename.pid`" command.
The installation scripts in the Gentoo dev-db/mysql, dev-db/mariadb, dev-db/percona-server, dev-db/mysql-cluster, and dev-db/mariadb-galera packages before 2017-09-29 have chown calls for user-writable directory trees, which allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging access to the mysql account for creation of a link.
The init script in the Gentoo app-admin/logstash-bin package before 5.5.3 and 5.6.x before 5.6.1 has "chown -R" calls for user-writable directory trees, which allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging access to a $LS_USER account for creation of a hard link.
flower.initd in the Gentoo dev-python/flower package before 0.9.1-r1 for Celery Flower sets PID file ownership to a non-root account, which might allow local users to kill arbitrary processes by leveraging access to this non-root account for PID file modification before a root script executes a "kill `cat /pathname`" command.
The Gentoo sci-mathematics/gimps package before 28.10-r1 for Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search (GIMPS) allows local users to gain privileges by creating a hard link under /var/lib/gimps, because an unsafe "chown -R" command is executed.