Linux: >> Linux Kernel >> 3.12.29 Security Vulnerabilities
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
wifi: ath9k: don't allow to overwrite ENDPOINT0 attributes
A bad USB device is able to construct a service connection response
message with target endpoint being ENDPOINT0 which is reserved for
HTC_CTRL_RSVD_SVC and should not be modified to be used for any other
services.
Reject such service connection responses.
Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with Syzkaller.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
tty: pcn_uart: fix memory leak with using debugfs_lookup()
When calling debugfs_lookup() the result must have dput() called on it,
otherwise the memory will leak over time. To make things simpler, just
call debugfs_lookup_and_remove() instead which handles all of the logic
at once.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
scsi: core: Fix possible memory leak if device_add() fails
If device_add() returns error, the name allocated by dev_set_name() needs
be freed. As the comment of device_add() says, put_device() should be used
to decrease the reference count in the error path. So fix this by calling
put_device(), then the name can be freed in kobject_cleanp().
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
serial: 8250: Reinit port->pm on port specific driver unbind
When we unbind a serial port hardware specific 8250 driver, the generic
serial8250 driver takes over the port. After that we see an oops about 10
seconds later. This can produce the following at least on some TI SoCs:
Unhandled fault: imprecise external abort (0x1406)
Internal error: : 1406 [#1] SMP ARM
Turns out that we may still have the serial port hardware specific driver
port->pm in use, and serial8250_pm() tries to call it after the port
specific driver is gone:
serial8250_pm [8250_base] from uart_change_pm+0x54/0x8c [serial_base]
uart_change_pm [serial_base] from uart_hangup+0x154/0x198 [serial_base]
uart_hangup [serial_base] from __tty_hangup.part.0+0x328/0x37c
__tty_hangup.part.0 from disassociate_ctty+0x154/0x20c
disassociate_ctty from do_exit+0x744/0xaac
do_exit from do_group_exit+0x40/0x8c
do_group_exit from __wake_up_parent+0x0/0x1c
Let's fix the issue by calling serial8250_set_defaults() in
serial8250_unregister_port(). This will set the port back to using
the serial8250 default functions, and sets the port->pm to point to
serial8250_pm.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
mm: fix zswap writeback race condition
The zswap writeback mechanism can cause a race condition resulting in
memory corruption, where a swapped out page gets swapped in with data that
was written to a different page.
The race unfolds like this:
1. a page with data A and swap offset X is stored in zswap
2. page A is removed off the LRU by zpool driver for writeback in
zswap-shrink work, data for A is mapped by zpool driver
3. user space program faults and invalidates page entry A, offset X is
considered free
4. kswapd stores page B at offset X in zswap (zswap could also be
full, if so, page B would then be IOed to X, then skip step 5.)
5. entry A is replaced by B in tree->rbroot, this doesn't affect the
local reference held by zswap-shrink work
6. zswap-shrink work writes back A at X, and frees zswap entry A
7. swapin of slot X brings A in memory instead of B
The fix:
Once the swap page cache has been allocated (case ZSWAP_SWAPCACHE_NEW),
zswap-shrink work just checks that the local zswap_entry reference is
still the same as the one in the tree. If it's not the same it means that
it's either been invalidated or replaced, in both cases the writeback is
aborted because the local entry contains stale data.
Reproducer:
I originally found this by running `stress` overnight to validate my work
on the zswap writeback mechanism, it manifested after hours on my test
machine. The key to make it happen is having zswap writebacks, so
whatever setup pumps /sys/kernel/debug/zswap/written_back_pages should do
the trick.
In order to reproduce this faster on a vm, I setup a system with ~100M of
available memory and a 500M swap file, then running `stress --vm 1
--vm-bytes 300000000 --vm-stride 4000` makes it happen in matter of tens
of minutes. One can speed things up even more by swinging
/sys/module/zswap/parameters/max_pool_percent up and down between, say, 20
and 1; this makes it reproduce in tens of seconds. It's crucial to set
`--vm-stride` to something other than 4096 otherwise `stress` won't
realize that memory has been corrupted because all pages would have the
same data.
CVSS Score
4.7
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
vfio/type1: prevent underflow of locked_vm via exec()
When a vfio container is preserved across exec, the task does not change,
but it gets a new mm with locked_vm=0, and loses the count from existing
dma mappings. If the user later unmaps a dma mapping, locked_vm underflows
to a large unsigned value, and a subsequent dma map request fails with
ENOMEM in __account_locked_vm.
To avoid underflow, grab and save the mm at the time a dma is mapped.
Use that mm when adjusting locked_vm, rather than re-acquiring the saved
task's mm, which may have changed. If the saved mm is dead, do nothing.
locked_vm is incremented for existing mappings in a subsequent patch.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
xfrm: add NULL check in xfrm_update_ae_params
Normally, x->replay_esn and x->preplay_esn should be allocated at
xfrm_alloc_replay_state_esn(...) in xfrm_state_construct(...), hence the
xfrm_update_ae_params(...) is okay to update them. However, the current
implementation of xfrm_new_ae(...) allows a malicious user to directly
dereference a NULL pointer and crash the kernel like below.
BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000
PGD 8253067 P4D 8253067 PUD 8e0e067 PMD 0
Oops: 0002 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN NOPTI
CPU: 0 PID: 98 Comm: poc.npd Not tainted 6.4.0-rc7-00072-gdad9774deaf1 #8
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.16.0-0-gd239552ce722-prebuilt.qemu.o4
RIP: 0010:memcpy_orig+0xad/0x140
Code: e8 4c 89 5f e0 48 8d 7f e0 73 d2 83 c2 20 48 29 d6 48 29 d7 83 fa 10 72 34 4c 8b 06 4c 8b 4e 08 c
RSP: 0018:ffff888008f57658 EFLAGS: 00000202
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff888008bd0000 RCX: ffffffff8238e571
RDX: 0000000000000018 RSI: ffff888007f64844 RDI: 0000000000000000
RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffff888008f57818
R13: ffff888007f64aa4 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
FS: 00000000014013c0(0000) GS:ffff88806d600000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 0000000000000000 CR3: 00000000054d8000 CR4: 00000000000006f0
Call Trace:
<TASK>
? __die+0x1f/0x70
? page_fault_oops+0x1e8/0x500
? __pfx_is_prefetch.constprop.0+0x10/0x10
? __pfx_page_fault_oops+0x10/0x10
? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x11/0x40
? fixup_exception+0x36/0x460
? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x11/0x40
? exc_page_fault+0x5e/0xc0
? asm_exc_page_fault+0x26/0x30
? xfrm_update_ae_params+0xd1/0x260
? memcpy_orig+0xad/0x140
? __pfx__raw_spin_lock_bh+0x10/0x10
xfrm_update_ae_params+0xe7/0x260
xfrm_new_ae+0x298/0x4e0
? __pfx_xfrm_new_ae+0x10/0x10
? __pfx_xfrm_new_ae+0x10/0x10
xfrm_user_rcv_msg+0x25a/0x410
? __pfx_xfrm_user_rcv_msg+0x10/0x10
? __alloc_skb+0xcf/0x210
? stack_trace_save+0x90/0xd0
? filter_irq_stacks+0x1c/0x70
? __stack_depot_save+0x39/0x4e0
? __kasan_slab_free+0x10a/0x190
? kmem_cache_free+0x9c/0x340
? netlink_recvmsg+0x23c/0x660
? sock_recvmsg+0xeb/0xf0
? __sys_recvfrom+0x13c/0x1f0
? __x64_sys_recvfrom+0x71/0x90
? do_syscall_64+0x3f/0x90
? entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x72/0xdc
? copyout+0x3e/0x50
netlink_rcv_skb+0xd6/0x210
? __pfx_xfrm_user_rcv_msg+0x10/0x10
? __pfx_netlink_rcv_skb+0x10/0x10
? __pfx_sock_has_perm+0x10/0x10
? mutex_lock+0x8d/0xe0
? __pfx_mutex_lock+0x10/0x10
xfrm_netlink_rcv+0x44/0x50
netlink_unicast+0x36f/0x4c0
? __pfx_netlink_unicast+0x10/0x10
? netlink_recvmsg+0x500/0x660
netlink_sendmsg+0x3b7/0x700
This Null-ptr-deref bug is assigned CVE-2023-3772. And this commit
adds additional NULL check in xfrm_update_ae_params to fix the NPD.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
igb: Fix igb_down hung on surprise removal
In a setup where a Thunderbolt hub connects to Ethernet and a display
through USB Type-C, users may experience a hung task timeout when they
remove the cable between the PC and the Thunderbolt hub.
This is because the igb_down function is called multiple times when
the Thunderbolt hub is unplugged. For example, the igb_io_error_detected
triggers the first call, and the igb_remove triggers the second call.
The second call to igb_down will block at napi_synchronize.
Here's the call trace:
__schedule+0x3b0/0xddb
? __mod_timer+0x164/0x5d3
schedule+0x44/0xa8
schedule_timeout+0xb2/0x2a4
? run_local_timers+0x4e/0x4e
msleep+0x31/0x38
igb_down+0x12c/0x22a [igb 6615058754948bfde0bf01429257eb59f13030d4]
__igb_close+0x6f/0x9c [igb 6615058754948bfde0bf01429257eb59f13030d4]
igb_close+0x23/0x2b [igb 6615058754948bfde0bf01429257eb59f13030d4]
__dev_close_many+0x95/0xec
dev_close_many+0x6e/0x103
unregister_netdevice_many+0x105/0x5b1
unregister_netdevice_queue+0xc2/0x10d
unregister_netdev+0x1c/0x23
igb_remove+0xa7/0x11c [igb 6615058754948bfde0bf01429257eb59f13030d4]
pci_device_remove+0x3f/0x9c
device_release_driver_internal+0xfe/0x1b4
pci_stop_bus_device+0x5b/0x7f
pci_stop_bus_device+0x30/0x7f
pci_stop_bus_device+0x30/0x7f
pci_stop_and_remove_bus_device+0x12/0x19
pciehp_unconfigure_device+0x76/0xe9
pciehp_disable_slot+0x6e/0x131
pciehp_handle_presence_or_link_change+0x7a/0x3f7
pciehp_ist+0xbe/0x194
irq_thread_fn+0x22/0x4d
? irq_thread+0x1fd/0x1fd
irq_thread+0x17b/0x1fd
? irq_forced_thread_fn+0x5f/0x5f
kthread+0x142/0x153
? __irq_get_irqchip_state+0x46/0x46
? kthread_associate_blkcg+0x71/0x71
ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30
In this case, igb_io_error_detected detaches the network interface
and requests a PCIE slot reset, however, the PCIE reset callback is
not being invoked and thus the Ethernet connection breaks down.
As the PCIE error in this case is a non-fatal one, requesting a
slot reset can be avoided.
This patch fixes the task hung issue and preserves Ethernet
connection by ignoring non-fatal PCIE errors.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
scsi: qla2xxx: Pointer may be dereferenced
Klocwork tool reported pointer 'rport' returned from call to function
fc_bsg_to_rport() may be NULL and will be dereferenced.
Add a fix to validate rport before dereferencing.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
md/raid10: prevent soft lockup while flush writes
Currently, there is no limit for raid1/raid10 plugged bio. While flushing
writes, raid1 has cond_resched() while raid10 doesn't, and too many
writes can cause soft lockup.
Follow up soft lockup can be triggered easily with writeback test for
raid10 with ramdisks:
watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#10 stuck for 27s! [md0_raid10:1293]
Call Trace:
<TASK>
call_rcu+0x16/0x20
put_object+0x41/0x80
__delete_object+0x50/0x90
delete_object_full+0x2b/0x40
kmemleak_free+0x46/0xa0
slab_free_freelist_hook.constprop.0+0xed/0x1a0
kmem_cache_free+0xfd/0x300
mempool_free_slab+0x1f/0x30
mempool_free+0x3a/0x100
bio_free+0x59/0x80
bio_put+0xcf/0x2c0
free_r10bio+0xbf/0xf0
raid_end_bio_io+0x78/0xb0
one_write_done+0x8a/0xa0
raid10_end_write_request+0x1b4/0x430
bio_endio+0x175/0x320
brd_submit_bio+0x3b9/0x9b7 [brd]
__submit_bio+0x69/0xe0
submit_bio_noacct_nocheck+0x1e6/0x5a0
submit_bio_noacct+0x38c/0x7e0
flush_pending_writes+0xf0/0x240
raid10d+0xac/0x1ed0
Fix the problem by adding cond_resched() to raid10 like what raid1 did.
Note that unlimited plugged bio still need to be optimized, for example,
in the case of lots of dirty pages writeback, this will take lots of
memory and io will spend a long time in plug, hence io latency is bad.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15