Debian: >> Debian Linux Security Vulnerabilities
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
comedi: das16m1: Fix bit shift out of bounds
When checking for a supported IRQ number, the following test is used:
/* only irqs 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, and 15 are valid */
if ((1 << it->options[1]) & 0xdcfc) {
However, `it->options[i]` is an unchecked `int` value from userspace, so
the shift amount could be negative or out of bounds. Fix the test by
requiring `it->options[1]` to be within bounds before proceeding with
the original test.
CVSS Score
7.1
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-28
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
iio: accel: fxls8962af: Fix use after free in fxls8962af_fifo_flush
fxls8962af_fifo_flush() uses indio_dev->active_scan_mask (with
iio_for_each_active_channel()) without making sure the indio_dev
stays in buffer mode.
There is a race if indio_dev exits buffer mode in the middle of the
interrupt that flushes the fifo. Fix this by calling
synchronize_irq() to ensure that no interrupt is currently running when
disabling buffer mode.
Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 00000000 when read
[...]
_find_first_bit_le from fxls8962af_fifo_flush+0x17c/0x290
fxls8962af_fifo_flush from fxls8962af_interrupt+0x80/0x178
fxls8962af_interrupt from irq_thread_fn+0x1c/0x7c
irq_thread_fn from irq_thread+0x110/0x1f4
irq_thread from kthread+0xe0/0xfc
kthread from ret_from_fork+0x14/0x2c
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-28
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
soc: aspeed: lpc-snoop: Don't disable channels that aren't enabled
Mitigate e.g. the following:
# echo 1e789080.lpc-snoop > /sys/bus/platform/drivers/aspeed-lpc-snoop/unbind
...
[ 120.363594] Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 00000004 when write
[ 120.373866] [00000004] *pgd=00000000
[ 120.377910] Internal error: Oops: 805 [#1] SMP ARM
[ 120.383306] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 315 Comm: sh Not tainted 6.15.0-rc1-00009-g926217bc7d7d-dirty #20 NONE
...
[ 120.679543] Call trace:
[ 120.679559] misc_deregister from aspeed_lpc_snoop_remove+0x84/0xac
[ 120.692462] aspeed_lpc_snoop_remove from platform_remove+0x28/0x38
[ 120.700996] platform_remove from device_release_driver_internal+0x188/0x200
...
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-28
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
smb: client: fix use-after-free in crypt_message when using async crypto
The CVE-2024-50047 fix removed asynchronous crypto handling from
crypt_message(), assuming all crypto operations are synchronous.
However, when hardware crypto accelerators are used, this can cause
use-after-free crashes:
crypt_message()
// Allocate the creq buffer containing the req
creq = smb2_get_aead_req(..., &req);
// Async encryption returns -EINPROGRESS immediately
rc = enc ? crypto_aead_encrypt(req) : crypto_aead_decrypt(req);
// Free creq while async operation is still in progress
kvfree_sensitive(creq, ...);
Hardware crypto modules often implement async AEAD operations for
performance. When crypto_aead_encrypt/decrypt() returns -EINPROGRESS,
the operation completes asynchronously. Without crypto_wait_req(),
the function immediately frees the request buffer, leading to crashes
when the driver later accesses the freed memory.
This results in a use-after-free condition when the hardware crypto
driver later accesses the freed request structure, leading to kernel
crashes with NULL pointer dereferences.
The issue occurs because crypto_alloc_aead() with mask=0 doesn't
guarantee synchronous operation. Even without CRYPTO_ALG_ASYNC in
the mask, async implementations can be selected.
Fix by restoring the async crypto handling:
- DECLARE_CRYPTO_WAIT(wait) for completion tracking
- aead_request_set_callback() for async completion notification
- crypto_wait_req() to wait for operation completion
This ensures the request buffer isn't freed until the crypto operation
completes, whether synchronous or asynchronous, while preserving the
CVE-2024-50047 fix.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-28
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
netfilter: nf_conntrack: fix crash due to removal of uninitialised entry
A crash in conntrack was reported while trying to unlink the conntrack
entry from the hash bucket list:
[exception RIP: __nf_ct_delete_from_lists+172]
[..]
#7 [ff539b5a2b043aa0] nf_ct_delete at ffffffffc124d421 [nf_conntrack]
#8 [ff539b5a2b043ad0] nf_ct_gc_expired at ffffffffc124d999 [nf_conntrack]
#9 [ff539b5a2b043ae0] __nf_conntrack_find_get at ffffffffc124efbc [nf_conntrack]
[..]
The nf_conn struct is marked as allocated from slab but appears to be in
a partially initialised state:
ct hlist pointer is garbage; looks like the ct hash value
(hence crash).
ct->status is equal to IPS_CONFIRMED|IPS_DYING, which is expected
ct->timeout is 30000 (=30s), which is unexpected.
Everything else looks like normal udp conntrack entry. If we ignore
ct->status and pretend its 0, the entry matches those that are newly
allocated but not yet inserted into the hash:
- ct hlist pointers are overloaded and store/cache the raw tuple hash
- ct->timeout matches the relative time expected for a new udp flow
rather than the absolute 'jiffies' value.
If it were not for the presence of IPS_CONFIRMED,
__nf_conntrack_find_get() would have skipped the entry.
Theory is that we did hit following race:
cpu x cpu y cpu z
found entry E found entry E
E is expired <preemption>
nf_ct_delete()
return E to rcu slab
init_conntrack
E is re-inited,
ct->status set to 0
reply tuplehash hnnode.pprev
stores hash value.
cpu y found E right before it was deleted on cpu x.
E is now re-inited on cpu z. cpu y was preempted before
checking for expiry and/or confirm bit.
->refcnt set to 1
E now owned by skb
->timeout set to 30000
If cpu y were to resume now, it would observe E as
expired but would skip E due to missing CONFIRMED bit.
nf_conntrack_confirm gets called
sets: ct->status |= CONFIRMED
This is wrong: E is not yet added
to hashtable.
cpu y resumes, it observes E as expired but CONFIRMED:
<resumes>
nf_ct_expired()
-> yes (ct->timeout is 30s)
confirmed bit set.
cpu y will try to delete E from the hashtable:
nf_ct_delete() -> set DYING bit
__nf_ct_delete_from_lists
Even this scenario doesn't guarantee a crash:
cpu z still holds the table bucket lock(s) so y blocks:
wait for spinlock held by z
CONFIRMED is set but there is no
guarantee ct will be added to hash:
"chaintoolong" or "clash resolution"
logic both skip the insert step.
reply hnnode.pprev still stores the
hash value.
unlocks spinlock
return NF_DROP
<unblocks, then
crashes on hlist_nulls_del_rcu pprev>
In case CPU z does insert the entry into the hashtable, cpu y will unlink
E again right away but no crash occurs.
Without 'cpu y' race, 'garbage' hlist is of no consequence:
ct refcnt remains at 1, eventually skb will be free'd and E gets
destroyed via: nf_conntrack_put -> nf_conntrack_destroy -> nf_ct_destroy.
To resolve this, move the IPS_CONFIRMED assignment after the table
insertion but before the unlock.
Pablo points out that the confirm-bit-store could be reordered to happen
before hlist add resp. the timeout fixup, so switch to set_bit and
before_atomic memory barrier to prevent this.
It doesn't matter if other CPUs can observe a newly inserted entry right
before the CONFIRMED bit was set:
Such event cannot be distinguished from above "E is the old incarnation"
case: the entry will be skipped.
Also change nf_ct_should_gc() to first check the confirmed bit.
The gc sequence is:
1. Check if entry has expired, if not skip to next entry
2. Obtain a reference to the expired entry.
3. Call nf_ct_should_gc() to double-check step 1.
nf_ct_should_gc() is thus called only for entries that already failed an
expiry check. After this patch, once the confirmed bit check pas
---truncated---
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-28
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
Bluetooth: Fix null-ptr-deref in l2cap_sock_resume_cb()
syzbot reported null-ptr-deref in l2cap_sock_resume_cb(). [0]
l2cap_sock_resume_cb() has a similar problem that was fixed by commit
1bff51ea59a9 ("Bluetooth: fix use-after-free error in lock_sock_nested()").
Since both l2cap_sock_kill() and l2cap_sock_resume_cb() are executed
under l2cap_sock_resume_cb(), we can avoid the issue simply by checking
if chan->data is NULL.
Let's not access to the killed socket in l2cap_sock_resume_cb().
[0]:
BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in instrument_atomic_write include/linux/instrumented.h:82 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in clear_bit include/asm-generic/bitops/instrumented-atomic.h:41 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in l2cap_sock_resume_cb+0xb4/0x17c net/bluetooth/l2cap_sock.c:1711
Write of size 8 at addr 0000000000000570 by task kworker/u9:0/52
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 52 Comm: kworker/u9:0 Not tainted 6.16.0-rc4-syzkaller-g7482bb149b9f #0 PREEMPT
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/07/2025
Workqueue: hci0 hci_rx_work
Call trace:
show_stack+0x2c/0x3c arch/arm64/kernel/stacktrace.c:501 (C)
__dump_stack+0x30/0x40 lib/dump_stack.c:94
dump_stack_lvl+0xd8/0x12c lib/dump_stack.c:120
print_report+0x58/0x84 mm/kasan/report.c:524
kasan_report+0xb0/0x110 mm/kasan/report.c:634
check_region_inline mm/kasan/generic.c:-1 [inline]
kasan_check_range+0x264/0x2a4 mm/kasan/generic.c:189
__kasan_check_write+0x20/0x30 mm/kasan/shadow.c:37
instrument_atomic_write include/linux/instrumented.h:82 [inline]
clear_bit include/asm-generic/bitops/instrumented-atomic.h:41 [inline]
l2cap_sock_resume_cb+0xb4/0x17c net/bluetooth/l2cap_sock.c:1711
l2cap_security_cfm+0x524/0xea0 net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:7357
hci_auth_cfm include/net/bluetooth/hci_core.h:2092 [inline]
hci_auth_complete_evt+0x2e8/0xa4c net/bluetooth/hci_event.c:3514
hci_event_func net/bluetooth/hci_event.c:7511 [inline]
hci_event_packet+0x650/0xe9c net/bluetooth/hci_event.c:7565
hci_rx_work+0x320/0xb18 net/bluetooth/hci_core.c:4070
process_one_work+0x7e8/0x155c kernel/workqueue.c:3238
process_scheduled_works kernel/workqueue.c:3321 [inline]
worker_thread+0x958/0xed8 kernel/workqueue.c:3402
kthread+0x5fc/0x75c kernel/kthread.c:464
ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:847
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-28
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
usb: net: sierra: check for no status endpoint
The driver checks for having three endpoints and
having bulk in and out endpoints, but not that
the third endpoint is interrupt input.
Rectify the omission.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-28
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
rpl: Fix use-after-free in rpl_do_srh_inline().
Running lwt_dst_cache_ref_loop.sh in selftest with KASAN triggers
the splat below [0].
rpl_do_srh_inline() fetches ipv6_hdr(skb) and accesses it after
skb_cow_head(), which is illegal as the header could be freed then.
Let's fix it by making oldhdr to a local struct instead of a pointer.
[0]:
[root@fedora net]# ./lwt_dst_cache_ref_loop.sh
...
TEST: rpl (input)
[ 57.631529] ==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in rpl_do_srh_inline.isra.0 (net/ipv6/rpl_iptunnel.c:174)
Read of size 40 at addr ffff888122bf96d8 by task ping6/1543
CPU: 50 UID: 0 PID: 1543 Comm: ping6 Not tainted 6.16.0-rc5-01302-gfadd1e6231b1 #23 PREEMPT(voluntary)
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014
Call Trace:
<IRQ>
dump_stack_lvl (lib/dump_stack.c:122)
print_report (mm/kasan/report.c:409 mm/kasan/report.c:521)
kasan_report (mm/kasan/report.c:221 mm/kasan/report.c:636)
kasan_check_range (mm/kasan/generic.c:175 (discriminator 1) mm/kasan/generic.c:189 (discriminator 1))
__asan_memmove (mm/kasan/shadow.c:94 (discriminator 2))
rpl_do_srh_inline.isra.0 (net/ipv6/rpl_iptunnel.c:174)
rpl_input (net/ipv6/rpl_iptunnel.c:201 net/ipv6/rpl_iptunnel.c:282)
lwtunnel_input (net/core/lwtunnel.c:459)
ipv6_rcv (./include/net/dst.h:471 (discriminator 1) ./include/net/dst.h:469 (discriminator 1) net/ipv6/ip6_input.c:79 (discriminator 1) ./include/linux/netfilter.h:317 (discriminator 1) ./include/linux/netfilter.h:311 (discriminator 1) net/ipv6/ip6_input.c:311 (discriminator 1))
__netif_receive_skb_one_core (net/core/dev.c:5967)
process_backlog (./include/linux/rcupdate.h:869 net/core/dev.c:6440)
__napi_poll.constprop.0 (net/core/dev.c:7452)
net_rx_action (net/core/dev.c:7518 net/core/dev.c:7643)
handle_softirqs (kernel/softirq.c:579)
do_softirq (kernel/softirq.c:480 (discriminator 20))
</IRQ>
<TASK>
__local_bh_enable_ip (kernel/softirq.c:407)
__dev_queue_xmit (net/core/dev.c:4740)
ip6_finish_output2 (./include/linux/netdevice.h:3358 ./include/net/neighbour.h:526 ./include/net/neighbour.h:540 net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:141)
ip6_finish_output (net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:215 net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:226)
ip6_output (./include/linux/netfilter.h:306 net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:248)
ip6_send_skb (net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:1983)
rawv6_sendmsg (net/ipv6/raw.c:588 net/ipv6/raw.c:918)
__sys_sendto (net/socket.c:714 (discriminator 1) net/socket.c:729 (discriminator 1) net/socket.c:2228 (discriminator 1))
__x64_sys_sendto (net/socket.c:2231)
do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 (discriminator 1) arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 (discriminator 1))
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:130)
RIP: 0033:0x7f68cffb2a06
Code: 5d e8 41 8b 93 08 03 00 00 59 5e 48 83 f8 fc 75 19 83 e2 39 83 fa 08 75 11 e8 26 ff ff ff 66 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 8b 45 10 0f 05 <48> 8b 5d f8 c9 c3 0f 1f 40 00 f3 0f 1e fa 55 48 89 e5 48 83 ec 08
RSP: 002b:00007ffefb7c53d0 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000002c
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000564cd69f10a0 RCX: 00007f68cffb2a06
RDX: 0000000000000040 RSI: 0000564cd69f10a4 RDI: 0000000000000003
RBP: 00007ffefb7c53f0 R08: 0000564cd6a032ac R09: 000000000000001c
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000564cd69f10a4
R13: 0000000000000040 R14: 00007ffefb7c66e0 R15: 0000564cd69f10a0
</TASK>
Allocated by task 1543:
kasan_save_stack (mm/kasan/common.c:48)
kasan_save_track (mm/kasan/common.c:60 (discriminator 1) mm/kasan/common.c:69 (discriminator 1))
__kasan_slab_alloc (mm/kasan/common.c:319 mm/kasan/common.c:345)
kmem_cache_alloc_node_noprof (./include/linux/kasan.h:250 mm/slub.c:4148 mm/slub.c:4197 mm/slub.c:4249)
kmalloc_reserve (net/core/skbuff.c:581 (discriminator 88))
__alloc_skb (net/core/skbuff.c:669)
__ip6_append_data (net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:1672 (discriminator 1))
ip6_
---truncated---
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-28
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net/sched: sch_qfq: Fix race condition on qfq_aggregate
A race condition can occur when 'agg' is modified in qfq_change_agg
(called during qfq_enqueue) while other threads access it
concurrently. For example, qfq_dump_class may trigger a NULL
dereference, and qfq_delete_class may cause a use-after-free.
This patch addresses the issue by:
1. Moved qfq_destroy_class into the critical section.
2. Added sch_tree_lock protection to qfq_dump_class and
qfq_dump_class_stats.
CVSS Score
4.7
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-28
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
comedi: Fix initialization of data for instructions that write to subdevice
Some Comedi subdevice instruction handlers are known to access
instruction data elements beyond the first `insn->n` elements in some
cases. The `do_insn_ioctl()` and `do_insnlist_ioctl()` functions
allocate at least `MIN_SAMPLES` (16) data elements to deal with this,
but they do not initialize all of that. For Comedi instruction codes
that write to the subdevice, the first `insn->n` data elements are
copied from user-space, but the remaining elements are left
uninitialized. That could be a problem if the subdevice instruction
handler reads the uninitialized data. Ensure that the first
`MIN_SAMPLES` elements are initialized before calling these instruction
handlers, filling the uncopied elements with 0. For
`do_insnlist_ioctl()`, the same data buffer elements are used for
handling a list of instructions, so ensure the first `MIN_SAMPLES`
elements are initialized for each instruction that writes to the
subdevice.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-28