Linux: >> Linux Kernel >> 2.6.22.7 Security Vulnerabilities
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
parisc: Revise __get_user() to probe user read access
Because of the way read access support is implemented, read access
interruptions are only triggered at privilege levels 2 and 3. The
kernel executes at privilege level 0, so __get_user() never triggers
a read access interruption (code 26). Thus, it is currently possible
for user code to access a read protected address via a system call.
Fix this by probing read access rights at privilege level 3 (PRIV_USER)
and setting __gu_err to -EFAULT (-14) if access isn't allowed.
Note the cmpiclr instruction does a 32-bit compare because COND macro
doesn't work inside asm.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-05
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
fs/buffer: fix use-after-free when call bh_read() helper
There's issue as follows:
BUG: KASAN: stack-out-of-bounds in end_buffer_read_sync+0xe3/0x110
Read of size 8 at addr ffffc9000168f7f8 by task swapper/3/0
CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/3 Not tainted 6.16.0-862.14.0.6.x86_64
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996)
Call Trace:
<IRQ>
dump_stack_lvl+0x55/0x70
print_address_description.constprop.0+0x2c/0x390
print_report+0xb4/0x270
kasan_report+0xb8/0xf0
end_buffer_read_sync+0xe3/0x110
end_bio_bh_io_sync+0x56/0x80
blk_update_request+0x30a/0x720
scsi_end_request+0x51/0x2b0
scsi_io_completion+0xe3/0x480
? scsi_device_unbusy+0x11e/0x160
blk_complete_reqs+0x7b/0x90
handle_softirqs+0xef/0x370
irq_exit_rcu+0xa5/0xd0
sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x6e/0x90
</IRQ>
Above issue happens when do ntfs3 filesystem mount, issue may happens
as follows:
mount IRQ
ntfs_fill_super
read_cache_page
do_read_cache_folio
filemap_read_folio
mpage_read_folio
do_mpage_readpage
ntfs_get_block_vbo
bh_read
submit_bh
wait_on_buffer(bh);
blk_complete_reqs
scsi_io_completion
scsi_end_request
blk_update_request
end_bio_bh_io_sync
end_buffer_read_sync
__end_buffer_read_notouch
unlock_buffer
wait_on_buffer(bh);--> return will return to caller
put_bh
--> trigger stack-out-of-bounds
In the mpage_read_folio() function, the stack variable 'map_bh' is
passed to ntfs_get_block_vbo(). Once unlock_buffer() unlocks and
wait_on_buffer() returns to continue processing, the stack variable
is likely to be reclaimed. Consequently, during the end_buffer_read_sync()
process, calling put_bh() may result in stack overrun.
If the bh is not allocated on the stack, it belongs to a folio. Freeing
a buffer head which belongs to a folio is done by drop_buffers() which
will fail to free buffers which are still locked. So it is safe to call
put_bh() before __end_buffer_read_notouch().
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-05
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
hfs: fix general protection fault in hfs_find_init()
The hfs_find_init() method can trigger the crash
if tree pointer is NULL:
[ 45.746290][ T9787] Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc0000000008: 0000 [#1] SMP KAI
[ 45.747287][ T9787] KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000040-0x0000000000000047]
[ 45.748716][ T9787] CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 9787 Comm: repro Not tainted 6.16.0-rc3 #10 PREEMPT(full)
[ 45.750250][ T9787] Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014
[ 45.751983][ T9787] RIP: 0010:hfs_find_init+0x86/0x230
[ 45.752834][ T9787] Code: c1 ea 03 80 3c 02 00 0f 85 9a 01 00 00 4c 8d 6b 40 48 c7 45 18 00 00 00 00 48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 fc
[ 45.755574][ T9787] RSP: 0018:ffffc90015157668 EFLAGS: 00010202
[ 45.756432][ T9787] RAX: dffffc0000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: ffffffff819a4d09
[ 45.757457][ T9787] RDX: 0000000000000008 RSI: ffffffff819acd3a RDI: ffffc900151576e8
[ 45.758282][ T9787] RBP: ffffc900151576d0 R08: 0000000000000005 R09: 0000000000000000
[ 45.758943][ T9787] R10: 0000000080000000 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: 0000000000000004
[ 45.759619][ T9787] R13: 0000000000000040 R14: ffff88802c50814a R15: 0000000000000000
[ 45.760293][ T9787] FS: 00007ffb72734540(0000) GS:ffff8880cec64000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[ 45.761050][ T9787] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[ 45.761606][ T9787] CR2: 00007f9bd8225000 CR3: 000000010979a000 CR4: 00000000000006f0
[ 45.762286][ T9787] Call Trace:
[ 45.762570][ T9787] <TASK>
[ 45.762824][ T9787] hfs_ext_read_extent+0x190/0x9d0
[ 45.763269][ T9787] ? submit_bio_noacct_nocheck+0x2dd/0xce0
[ 45.763766][ T9787] ? __pfx_hfs_ext_read_extent+0x10/0x10
[ 45.764250][ T9787] hfs_get_block+0x55f/0x830
[ 45.764646][ T9787] block_read_full_folio+0x36d/0x850
[ 45.765105][ T9787] ? __pfx_hfs_get_block+0x10/0x10
[ 45.765541][ T9787] ? const_folio_flags+0x5b/0x100
[ 45.765972][ T9787] ? __pfx_hfs_read_folio+0x10/0x10
[ 45.766415][ T9787] filemap_read_folio+0xbe/0x290
[ 45.766840][ T9787] ? __pfx_filemap_read_folio+0x10/0x10
[ 45.767325][ T9787] ? __filemap_get_folio+0x32b/0xbf0
[ 45.767780][ T9787] do_read_cache_folio+0x263/0x5c0
[ 45.768223][ T9787] ? __pfx_hfs_read_folio+0x10/0x10
[ 45.768666][ T9787] read_cache_page+0x5b/0x160
[ 45.769070][ T9787] hfs_btree_open+0x491/0x1740
[ 45.769481][ T9787] hfs_mdb_get+0x15e2/0x1fb0
[ 45.769877][ T9787] ? __pfx_hfs_mdb_get+0x10/0x10
[ 45.770316][ T9787] ? find_held_lock+0x2b/0x80
[ 45.770731][ T9787] ? lockdep_init_map_type+0x5c/0x280
[ 45.771200][ T9787] ? lockdep_init_map_type+0x5c/0x280
[ 45.771674][ T9787] hfs_fill_super+0x38e/0x720
[ 45.772092][ T9787] ? __pfx_hfs_fill_super+0x10/0x10
[ 45.772549][ T9787] ? snprintf+0xbe/0x100
[ 45.772931][ T9787] ? __pfx_snprintf+0x10/0x10
[ 45.773350][ T9787] ? do_raw_spin_lock+0x129/0x2b0
[ 45.773796][ T9787] ? find_held_lock+0x2b/0x80
[ 45.774215][ T9787] ? set_blocksize+0x40a/0x510
[ 45.774636][ T9787] ? sb_set_blocksize+0x176/0x1d0
[ 45.775087][ T9787] ? setup_bdev_super+0x369/0x730
[ 45.775533][ T9787] get_tree_bdev_flags+0x384/0x620
[ 45.775985][ T9787] ? __pfx_hfs_fill_super+0x10/0x10
[ 45.776453][ T9787] ? __pfx_get_tree_bdev_flags+0x10/0x10
[ 45.776950][ T9787] ? bpf_lsm_capable+0x9/0x10
[ 45.777365][ T9787] ? security_capable+0x80/0x260
[ 45.777803][ T9787] vfs_get_tree+0x8e/0x340
[ 45.778203][ T9787] path_mount+0x13de/0x2010
[ 45.778604][ T9787] ? kmem_cache_free+0x2b0/0x4c0
[ 45.779052][ T9787] ? __pfx_path_mount+0x10/0x10
[ 45.779480][ T9787] ? getname_flags.part.0+0x1c5/0x550
[ 45.779954][ T9787] ? putname+0x154/0x1a0
[ 45.780335][ T9787] __x64_sys_mount+0x27b/0x300
[ 45.780758][ T9787] ? __pfx___x64_sys_mount+0x10/0x10
[ 45.781232][ T9787]
---truncated---
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-04
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
netfilter: ctnetlink: fix refcount leak on table dump
There is a reference count leak in ctnetlink_dump_table():
if (res < 0) {
nf_conntrack_get(&ct->ct_general); // HERE
cb->args[1] = (unsigned long)ct;
...
While its very unlikely, its possible that ct == last.
If this happens, then the refcount of ct was already incremented.
This 2nd increment is never undone.
This prevents the conntrack object from being released, which in turn
keeps prevents cnet->count from dropping back to 0.
This will then block the netns dismantle (or conntrack rmmod) as
nf_conntrack_cleanup_net_list() will wait forever.
This can be reproduced by running conntrack_resize.sh selftest in a loop.
It takes ~20 minutes for me on a preemptible kernel on average before
I see a runaway kworker spinning in nf_conntrack_cleanup_net_list.
One fix would to change this to:
if (res < 0) {
if (ct != last)
nf_conntrack_get(&ct->ct_general);
But this reference counting isn't needed in the first place.
We can just store a cookie value instead.
A followup patch will do the same for ctnetlink_exp_dump_table,
it looks to me as if this has the same problem and like
ctnetlink_dump_table, we only need a 'skip hint', not the actual
object so we can apply the same cookie strategy there as well.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-04
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
gfs2: Validate i_depth for exhash directories
A fuzzer test introduced corruption that ends up with a depth of 0 in
dir_e_read(), causing an undefined shift by 32 at:
index = hash >> (32 - dip->i_depth);
As calculated in an open-coded way in dir_make_exhash(), the minimum
depth for an exhash directory is ilog2(sdp->sd_hash_ptrs) and 0 is
invalid as sdp->sd_hash_ptrs is fixed as sdp->bsize / 16 at mount time.
So we can avoid the undefined behaviour by checking for depth values
lower than the minimum in gfs2_dinode_in(). Values greater than the
maximum are already being checked for there.
Also switch the calculation in dir_make_exhash() to use ilog2() to
clarify how the depth is calculated.
Tested with the syzkaller repro.c and xfstests '-g quick'.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-04
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
hfsplus: fix slab-out-of-bounds read in hfsplus_uni2asc()
The hfsplus_readdir() method is capable to crash by calling
hfsplus_uni2asc():
[ 667.121659][ T9805] ==================================================================
[ 667.122651][ T9805] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in hfsplus_uni2asc+0x902/0xa10
[ 667.123627][ T9805] Read of size 2 at addr ffff88802592f40c by task repro/9805
[ 667.124578][ T9805]
[ 667.124876][ T9805] CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 9805 Comm: repro Not tainted 6.16.0-rc3 #1 PREEMPT(full)
[ 667.124886][ T9805] Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014
[ 667.124890][ T9805] Call Trace:
[ 667.124893][ T9805] <TASK>
[ 667.124896][ T9805] dump_stack_lvl+0x10e/0x1f0
[ 667.124911][ T9805] print_report+0xd0/0x660
[ 667.124920][ T9805] ? __virt_addr_valid+0x81/0x610
[ 667.124928][ T9805] ? __phys_addr+0xe8/0x180
[ 667.124934][ T9805] ? hfsplus_uni2asc+0x902/0xa10
[ 667.124942][ T9805] kasan_report+0xc6/0x100
[ 667.124950][ T9805] ? hfsplus_uni2asc+0x902/0xa10
[ 667.124959][ T9805] hfsplus_uni2asc+0x902/0xa10
[ 667.124966][ T9805] ? hfsplus_bnode_read+0x14b/0x360
[ 667.124974][ T9805] hfsplus_readdir+0x845/0xfc0
[ 667.124984][ T9805] ? __pfx_hfsplus_readdir+0x10/0x10
[ 667.124994][ T9805] ? stack_trace_save+0x8e/0xc0
[ 667.125008][ T9805] ? iterate_dir+0x18b/0xb20
[ 667.125015][ T9805] ? trace_lock_acquire+0x85/0xd0
[ 667.125022][ T9805] ? lock_acquire+0x30/0x80
[ 667.125029][ T9805] ? iterate_dir+0x18b/0xb20
[ 667.125037][ T9805] ? down_read_killable+0x1ed/0x4c0
[ 667.125044][ T9805] ? putname+0x154/0x1a0
[ 667.125051][ T9805] ? __pfx_down_read_killable+0x10/0x10
[ 667.125058][ T9805] ? apparmor_file_permission+0x239/0x3e0
[ 667.125069][ T9805] iterate_dir+0x296/0xb20
[ 667.125076][ T9805] __x64_sys_getdents64+0x13c/0x2c0
[ 667.125084][ T9805] ? __pfx___x64_sys_getdents64+0x10/0x10
[ 667.125091][ T9805] ? __x64_sys_openat+0x141/0x200
[ 667.125126][ T9805] ? __pfx_filldir64+0x10/0x10
[ 667.125134][ T9805] ? do_user_addr_fault+0x7fe/0x12f0
[ 667.125143][ T9805] do_syscall_64+0xc9/0x480
[ 667.125151][ T9805] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
[ 667.125158][ T9805] RIP: 0033:0x7fa8753b2fc9
[ 667.125164][ T9805] Code: 00 c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 48
[ 667.125172][ T9805] RSP: 002b:00007ffe96f8e0f8 EFLAGS: 00000217 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000d9
[ 667.125181][ T9805] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 00007fa8753b2fc9
[ 667.125185][ T9805] RDX: 0000000000000400 RSI: 00002000000063c0 RDI: 0000000000000004
[ 667.125190][ T9805] RBP: 00007ffe96f8e110 R08: 00007ffe96f8e110 R09: 00007ffe96f8e110
[ 667.125195][ T9805] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000217 R12: 0000556b1e3b4260
[ 667.125199][ T9805] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
[ 667.125207][ T9805] </TASK>
[ 667.125210][ T9805]
[ 667.145632][ T9805] Allocated by task 9805:
[ 667.145991][ T9805] kasan_save_stack+0x20/0x40
[ 667.146352][ T9805] kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30
[ 667.146717][ T9805] __kasan_kmalloc+0xaa/0xb0
[ 667.147065][ T9805] __kmalloc_noprof+0x205/0x550
[ 667.147448][ T9805] hfsplus_find_init+0x95/0x1f0
[ 667.147813][ T9805] hfsplus_readdir+0x220/0xfc0
[ 667.148174][ T9805] iterate_dir+0x296/0xb20
[ 667.148549][ T9805] __x64_sys_getdents64+0x13c/0x2c0
[ 667.148937][ T9805] do_syscall_64+0xc9/0x480
[ 667.149291][ T9805] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
[ 667.149809][ T9805]
[ 667.150030][ T9805] The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff88802592f000
[ 667.150030][ T9805] which belongs to the cache kmalloc-2k of size 2048
[ 667.151282][ T9805] The buggy address is located 0 bytes to the right of
[ 667.151282][ T9805] allocated 1036-byte region [ffff88802592f000, ffff88802592f40c)
[ 667.1
---truncated---
CVSS Score
7.1
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-04
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
hfsplus: fix slab-out-of-bounds in hfsplus_bnode_read()
The hfsplus_bnode_read() method can trigger the issue:
[ 174.852007][ T9784] ==================================================================
[ 174.852709][ T9784] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in hfsplus_bnode_read+0x2f4/0x360
[ 174.853412][ T9784] Read of size 8 at addr ffff88810b5fc6c0 by task repro/9784
[ 174.854059][ T9784]
[ 174.854272][ T9784] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 9784 Comm: repro Not tainted 6.16.0-rc3 #7 PREEMPT(full)
[ 174.854281][ T9784] Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014
[ 174.854286][ T9784] Call Trace:
[ 174.854289][ T9784] <TASK>
[ 174.854292][ T9784] dump_stack_lvl+0x10e/0x1f0
[ 174.854305][ T9784] print_report+0xd0/0x660
[ 174.854315][ T9784] ? __virt_addr_valid+0x81/0x610
[ 174.854323][ T9784] ? __phys_addr+0xe8/0x180
[ 174.854330][ T9784] ? hfsplus_bnode_read+0x2f4/0x360
[ 174.854337][ T9784] kasan_report+0xc6/0x100
[ 174.854346][ T9784] ? hfsplus_bnode_read+0x2f4/0x360
[ 174.854354][ T9784] hfsplus_bnode_read+0x2f4/0x360
[ 174.854362][ T9784] hfsplus_bnode_dump+0x2ec/0x380
[ 174.854370][ T9784] ? __pfx_hfsplus_bnode_dump+0x10/0x10
[ 174.854377][ T9784] ? hfsplus_bnode_write_u16+0x83/0xb0
[ 174.854385][ T9784] ? srcu_gp_start+0xd0/0x310
[ 174.854393][ T9784] ? __mark_inode_dirty+0x29e/0xe40
[ 174.854402][ T9784] hfsplus_brec_remove+0x3d2/0x4e0
[ 174.854411][ T9784] __hfsplus_delete_attr+0x290/0x3a0
[ 174.854419][ T9784] ? __pfx_hfs_find_1st_rec_by_cnid+0x10/0x10
[ 174.854427][ T9784] ? __pfx___hfsplus_delete_attr+0x10/0x10
[ 174.854436][ T9784] ? __asan_memset+0x23/0x50
[ 174.854450][ T9784] hfsplus_delete_all_attrs+0x262/0x320
[ 174.854459][ T9784] ? __pfx_hfsplus_delete_all_attrs+0x10/0x10
[ 174.854469][ T9784] ? rcu_is_watching+0x12/0xc0
[ 174.854476][ T9784] ? __mark_inode_dirty+0x29e/0xe40
[ 174.854483][ T9784] hfsplus_delete_cat+0x845/0xde0
[ 174.854493][ T9784] ? __pfx_hfsplus_delete_cat+0x10/0x10
[ 174.854507][ T9784] hfsplus_unlink+0x1ca/0x7c0
[ 174.854516][ T9784] ? __pfx_hfsplus_unlink+0x10/0x10
[ 174.854525][ T9784] ? down_write+0x148/0x200
[ 174.854532][ T9784] ? __pfx_down_write+0x10/0x10
[ 174.854540][ T9784] vfs_unlink+0x2fe/0x9b0
[ 174.854549][ T9784] do_unlinkat+0x490/0x670
[ 174.854557][ T9784] ? __pfx_do_unlinkat+0x10/0x10
[ 174.854565][ T9784] ? __might_fault+0xbc/0x130
[ 174.854576][ T9784] ? getname_flags.part.0+0x1c5/0x550
[ 174.854584][ T9784] __x64_sys_unlink+0xc5/0x110
[ 174.854592][ T9784] do_syscall_64+0xc9/0x480
[ 174.854600][ T9784] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
[ 174.854608][ T9784] RIP: 0033:0x7f6fdf4c3167
[ 174.854614][ T9784] Code: f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d 26 0d 0e 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48 83 c8 ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 08
[ 174.854622][ T9784] RSP: 002b:00007ffcb948bca8 EFLAGS: 00000206 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000057
[ 174.854630][ T9784] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 00007f6fdf4c3167
[ 174.854636][ T9784] RDX: 00007ffcb948bcc0 RSI: 00007ffcb948bcc0 RDI: 00007ffcb948bd50
[ 174.854641][ T9784] RBP: 00007ffcb948cd90 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: 00007ffcb948bb40
[ 174.854645][ T9784] R10: 00007f6fdf564fc0 R11: 0000000000000206 R12: 0000561e1bc9c2d0
[ 174.854650][ T9784] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
[ 174.854658][ T9784] </TASK>
[ 174.854661][ T9784]
[ 174.879281][ T9784] Allocated by task 9784:
[ 174.879664][ T9784] kasan_save_stack+0x20/0x40
[ 174.880082][ T9784] kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30
[ 174.880500][ T9784] __kasan_kmalloc+0xaa/0xb0
[ 174.880908][ T9784] __kmalloc_noprof+0x205/0x550
[ 174.881337][ T9784] __hfs_bnode_create+0x107/0x890
[ 174.881779][ T9784] hfsplus_bnode_find+0x2d0/0xd10
[ 174.882222][ T9784] hfsplus_brec_find+0x2b0/0x520
[ 174.882659][ T9784] hfsplus_delete_all_attrs+0x23b/0x3
---truncated---
CVSS Score
7.1
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-04
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
hfs: fix slab-out-of-bounds in hfs_bnode_read()
This patch introduces is_bnode_offset_valid() method that checks
the requested offset value. Also, it introduces
check_and_correct_requested_length() method that checks and
correct the requested length (if it is necessary). These methods
are used in hfs_bnode_read(), hfs_bnode_write(), hfs_bnode_clear(),
hfs_bnode_copy(), and hfs_bnode_move() with the goal to prevent
the access out of allocated memory and triggering the crash.
CVSS Score
7.1
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-04
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
rcu/nocb: Fix possible invalid rdp's->nocb_cb_kthread pointer access
In the preparation stage of CPU online, if the corresponding
the rdp's->nocb_cb_kthread does not exist, will be created,
there is a situation where the rdp's rcuop kthreads creation fails,
and then de-offload this CPU's rdp, does not assign this CPU's
rdp->nocb_cb_kthread pointer, but this rdp's->nocb_gp_rdp and
rdp's->rdp_gp->nocb_gp_kthread is still valid.
This will cause the subsequent re-offload operation of this offline
CPU, which will pass the conditional check and the kthread_unpark()
will access invalid rdp's->nocb_cb_kthread pointer.
This commit therefore use rdp's->nocb_gp_kthread instead of
rdp_gp's->nocb_gp_kthread for safety check.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-04
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/amd/pm: fix null pointer access
Writing a string without delimiters (' ', '\n', '\0') to the under
gpu_od/fan_ctrl sysfs or pp_power_profile_mode for the CUSTOM profile
will result in a null pointer dereference.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-04