Linux: >> Linux Kernel >> 5.15.107 Security Vulnerabilities
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
iommu/amd/iommu_v2: Fix pasid_state refcount dec hit 0 warning on pasid unbind
When unbinding pasid - a race condition exists vs outstanding page faults.
To prevent this, the pasid_state object contains a refcount.
* set to 1 on pasid bind
* incremented on each ppr notification start
* decremented on each ppr notification done
* decremented on pasid unbind
Since refcount_dec assumes that refcount will never reach 0:
the current implementation causes the following to be invoked on
pasid unbind:
REFCOUNT_WARN("decrement hit 0; leaking memory")
Fix this issue by changing refcount_dec to refcount_dec_and_test
to explicitly handle refcount=1.
CVSS Score
4.7
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-10-01
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ext4: allow ext4_get_group_info() to fail
Previously, ext4_get_group_info() would treat an invalid group number
as BUG(), since in theory it should never happen. However, if a
malicious attaker (or fuzzer) modifies the superblock via the block
device while it is the file system is mounted, it is possible for
s_first_data_block to get set to a very large number. In that case,
when calculating the block group of some block number (such as the
starting block of a preallocation region), could result in an
underflow and very large block group number. Then the BUG_ON check in
ext4_get_group_info() would fire, resutling in a denial of service
attack that can be triggered by root or someone with write access to
the block device.
For a quality of implementation perspective, it's best that even if
the system administrator does something that they shouldn't, that it
will not trigger a BUG. So instead of BUG'ing, ext4_get_group_info()
will call ext4_error and return NULL. We also add fallback code in
all of the callers of ext4_get_group_info() that it might NULL.
Also, since ext4_get_group_info() was already borderline to be an
inline function, un-inline it. The results in a next reduction of the
compiled text size of ext4 by roughly 2k.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-10-01
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
start_kernel: Add __no_stack_protector function attribute
Back during the discussion of
commit a9a3ed1eff36 ("x86: Fix early boot crash on gcc-10, third try")
we discussed the need for a function attribute to control the omission
of stack protectors on a per-function basis; at the time Clang had
support for no_stack_protector but GCC did not. This was fixed in
gcc-11. Now that the function attribute is available, let's start using
it.
Callers of boot_init_stack_canary need to use this function attribute
unless they're compiled with -fno-stack-protector, otherwise the canary
stored in the stack slot of the caller will differ upon the call to
boot_init_stack_canary. This will lead to a call to __stack_chk_fail()
then panic.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-10-01
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
netfilter: nf_tables: do not ignore genmask when looking up chain by id
When adding a rule to a chain referring to its ID, if that chain had been
deleted on the same batch, the rule might end up referring to a deleted
chain.
This will lead to a WARNING like following:
[ 33.098431] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[ 33.098678] WARNING: CPU: 5 PID: 69 at net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c:2037 nf_tables_chain_destroy+0x23d/0x260
[ 33.099217] Modules linked in:
[ 33.099388] CPU: 5 PID: 69 Comm: kworker/5:1 Not tainted 6.4.0+ #409
[ 33.099726] Workqueue: events nf_tables_trans_destroy_work
[ 33.100018] RIP: 0010:nf_tables_chain_destroy+0x23d/0x260
[ 33.100306] Code: 8b 7c 24 68 e8 64 9c ed fe 4c 89 e7 e8 5c 9c ed fe 48 83 c4 08 5b 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f 5d 31 c0 89 c6 89 c7 c3 cc cc cc cc <0f> 0b 48 83 c4 08 5b 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f 5d 31 c0 89 c6 89 c7
[ 33.101271] RSP: 0018:ffffc900004ffc48 EFLAGS: 00010202
[ 33.101546] RAX: 0000000000000001 RBX: ffff888006fc0a28 RCX: 0000000000000000
[ 33.101920] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000
[ 33.102649] RBP: ffffc900004ffc78 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
[ 33.103018] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffff8880135ef500
[ 33.103385] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: dead000000000122 R15: ffff888006fc0a10
[ 33.103762] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff888024c80000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[ 33.104184] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[ 33.104493] CR2: 00007fe863b56a50 CR3: 00000000124b0001 CR4: 0000000000770ee0
[ 33.104872] PKRU: 55555554
[ 33.104999] Call Trace:
[ 33.105113] <TASK>
[ 33.105214] ? show_regs+0x72/0x90
[ 33.105371] ? __warn+0xa5/0x210
[ 33.105520] ? nf_tables_chain_destroy+0x23d/0x260
[ 33.105732] ? report_bug+0x1f2/0x200
[ 33.105902] ? handle_bug+0x46/0x90
[ 33.106546] ? exc_invalid_op+0x19/0x50
[ 33.106762] ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1b/0x20
[ 33.106995] ? nf_tables_chain_destroy+0x23d/0x260
[ 33.107249] ? nf_tables_chain_destroy+0x30/0x260
[ 33.107506] nf_tables_trans_destroy_work+0x669/0x680
[ 33.107782] ? mark_held_locks+0x28/0xa0
[ 33.107996] ? __pfx_nf_tables_trans_destroy_work+0x10/0x10
[ 33.108294] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x28/0x70
[ 33.108538] process_one_work+0x68c/0xb70
[ 33.108755] ? lock_acquire+0x17f/0x420
[ 33.108977] ? __pfx_process_one_work+0x10/0x10
[ 33.109218] ? do_raw_spin_lock+0x128/0x1d0
[ 33.109435] ? _raw_spin_lock_irq+0x71/0x80
[ 33.109634] worker_thread+0x2bd/0x700
[ 33.109817] ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10
[ 33.110254] kthread+0x18b/0x1d0
[ 33.110410] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
[ 33.110581] ret_from_fork+0x29/0x50
[ 33.110757] </TASK>
[ 33.110866] irq event stamp: 1651
[ 33.111017] hardirqs last enabled at (1659): [<ffffffffa206a209>] __up_console_sem+0x79/0xa0
[ 33.111379] hardirqs last disabled at (1666): [<ffffffffa206a1ee>] __up_console_sem+0x5e/0xa0
[ 33.111740] softirqs last enabled at (1616): [<ffffffffa1f5d40e>] __irq_exit_rcu+0x9e/0xe0
[ 33.112094] softirqs last disabled at (1367): [<ffffffffa1f5d40e>] __irq_exit_rcu+0x9e/0xe0
[ 33.112453] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
This is due to the nft_chain_lookup_byid ignoring the genmask. After this
change, adding the new rule will fail as it will not find the chain.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-10-01
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net: ethernet: mvpp2_main: fix possible OOB write in mvpp2_ethtool_get_rxnfc()
rules is allocated in ethtool_get_rxnfc and the size is determined by
rule_cnt from user space. So rule_cnt needs to be check before using
rules to avoid OOB writing or NULL pointer dereference.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-10-01
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
lib: cpu_rmap: Avoid use after free on rmap->obj array entries
When calling irq_set_affinity_notifier() with NULL at the notify
argument, it will cause freeing of the glue pointer in the
corresponding array entry but will leave the pointer in the array. A
subsequent call to free_irq_cpu_rmap() will try to free this entry again
leading to possible use after free.
Fix that by setting NULL to the array entry and checking that we have
non-zero at the array entry when iterating over the array in
free_irq_cpu_rmap().
The current code does not suffer from this since there are no cases
where irq_set_affinity_notifier(irq, NULL) (note the NULL passed for the
notify arg) is called, followed by a call to free_irq_cpu_rmap() so we
don't hit and issue. Subsequent patches in this series excersize this
flow, hence the required fix.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-10-01
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
fs: jfs: Fix UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in dbAllocDmapLev
Syzkaller reported the following issue:
UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:1965:6
index -84 is out of range for type 's8[341]' (aka 'signed char[341]')
CPU: 1 PID: 4995 Comm: syz-executor146 Not tainted 6.4.0-rc6-syzkaller-00037-gb6dad5178cea #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/27/2023
Call Trace:
<TASK>
__dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline]
dump_stack_lvl+0x1e7/0x2d0 lib/dump_stack.c:106
ubsan_epilogue lib/ubsan.c:217 [inline]
__ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds+0x11c/0x150 lib/ubsan.c:348
dbAllocDmapLev+0x3e5/0x430 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:1965
dbAllocCtl+0x113/0x920 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:1809
dbAllocAG+0x28f/0x10b0 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:1350
dbAlloc+0x658/0xca0 fs/jfs/jfs_dmap.c:874
dtSplitUp fs/jfs/jfs_dtree.c:974 [inline]
dtInsert+0xda7/0x6b00 fs/jfs/jfs_dtree.c:863
jfs_create+0x7b6/0xbb0 fs/jfs/namei.c:137
lookup_open fs/namei.c:3492 [inline]
open_last_lookups fs/namei.c:3560 [inline]
path_openat+0x13df/0x3170 fs/namei.c:3788
do_filp_open+0x234/0x490 fs/namei.c:3818
do_sys_openat2+0x13f/0x500 fs/open.c:1356
do_sys_open fs/open.c:1372 [inline]
__do_sys_openat fs/open.c:1388 [inline]
__se_sys_openat fs/open.c:1383 [inline]
__x64_sys_openat+0x247/0x290 fs/open.c:1383
do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
do_syscall_64+0x41/0xc0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
RIP: 0033:0x7f1f4e33f7e9
Code: 28 00 00 00 75 05 48 83 c4 28 c3 e8 51 14 00 00 90 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 c0 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48
RSP: 002b:00007ffc21129578 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000101
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 00007f1f4e33f7e9
RDX: 000000000000275a RSI: 0000000020000040 RDI: 00000000ffffff9c
RBP: 00007f1f4e2ff080 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007f1f4e2ff110
R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
</TASK>
The bug occurs when the dbAllocDmapLev()function attempts to access
dp->tree.stree[leafidx + LEAFIND] while the leafidx value is negative.
To rectify this, the patch introduces a safeguard within the
dbAllocDmapLev() function. A check has been added to verify if leafidx is
negative. If it is, the function immediately returns an I/O error, preventing
any further execution that could potentially cause harm.
Tested via syzbot.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-10-01
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
fs/ntfs3: Enhance the attribute size check
This combines the overflow and boundary check so that all attribute size
will be properly examined while enumerating them.
[ 169.181521] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in run_unpack+0x2e3/0x570
[ 169.183161] Read of size 1 at addr ffff8880094b6240 by task mount/247
[ 169.184046]
[ 169.184925] CPU: 0 PID: 247 Comm: mount Not tainted 6.0.0-rc7+ #3
[ 169.185908] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.14.0-0-g155821a1990b-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014
[ 169.187066] Call Trace:
[ 169.187492] <TASK>
[ 169.188049] dump_stack_lvl+0x49/0x63
[ 169.188495] print_report.cold+0xf5/0x689
[ 169.188964] ? run_unpack+0x2e3/0x570
[ 169.189331] kasan_report+0xa7/0x130
[ 169.189714] ? run_unpack+0x2e3/0x570
[ 169.190079] __asan_load1+0x51/0x60
[ 169.190634] run_unpack+0x2e3/0x570
[ 169.191290] ? run_pack+0x840/0x840
[ 169.191569] ? run_lookup_entry+0xb3/0x1f0
[ 169.192443] ? mi_enum_attr+0x20a/0x230
[ 169.192886] run_unpack_ex+0xad/0x3e0
[ 169.193276] ? run_unpack+0x570/0x570
[ 169.193557] ? ni_load_mi+0x80/0x80
[ 169.193889] ? debug_smp_processor_id+0x17/0x20
[ 169.194236] ? mi_init+0x4a/0x70
[ 169.194496] attr_load_runs_vcn+0x166/0x1c0
[ 169.194851] ? attr_data_write_resident+0x250/0x250
[ 169.195188] mi_read+0x133/0x2c0
[ 169.195481] ntfs_iget5+0x277/0x1780
[ 169.196017] ? call_rcu+0x1c7/0x330
[ 169.196392] ? ntfs_get_block_bmap+0x70/0x70
[ 169.196708] ? evict+0x223/0x280
[ 169.197014] ? __kmalloc+0x33/0x540
[ 169.197305] ? wnd_init+0x15b/0x1b0
[ 169.197599] ntfs_fill_super+0x1026/0x1ba0
[ 169.197994] ? put_ntfs+0x1d0/0x1d0
[ 169.198299] ? vsprintf+0x20/0x20
[ 169.198583] ? mutex_unlock+0x81/0xd0
[ 169.198930] ? set_blocksize+0x95/0x150
[ 169.199269] get_tree_bdev+0x232/0x370
[ 169.199750] ? put_ntfs+0x1d0/0x1d0
[ 169.200094] ntfs_fs_get_tree+0x15/0x20
[ 169.200431] vfs_get_tree+0x4c/0x130
[ 169.200714] path_mount+0x654/0xfe0
[ 169.201067] ? putname+0x80/0xa0
[ 169.201358] ? finish_automount+0x2e0/0x2e0
[ 169.201965] ? putname+0x80/0xa0
[ 169.202445] ? kmem_cache_free+0x1c4/0x440
[ 169.203075] ? putname+0x80/0xa0
[ 169.203414] do_mount+0xd6/0xf0
[ 169.203719] ? path_mount+0xfe0/0xfe0
[ 169.203977] ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x20
[ 169.204382] __x64_sys_mount+0xca/0x110
[ 169.204711] do_syscall_64+0x3b/0x90
[ 169.205059] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
[ 169.205571] RIP: 0033:0x7f67a80e948a
[ 169.206327] Code: 48 8b 0d 11 fa 2a 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48 83 c8 ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 49 89 ca b8 a5 00 00 008
[ 169.208296] RSP: 002b:00007ffddf020f58 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000a5
[ 169.209253] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 000055e2547a6060 RCX: 00007f67a80e948a
[ 169.209777] RDX: 000055e2547a6260 RSI: 000055e2547a62e0 RDI: 000055e2547aeaf0
[ 169.210342] RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 000055e2547a6280 R09: 0000000000000020
[ 169.210843] R10: 00000000c0ed0000 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 000055e2547aeaf0
[ 169.211307] R13: 000055e2547a6260 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 00000000ffffffff
[ 169.211913] </TASK>
[ 169.212304]
[ 169.212680] Allocated by task 0:
[ 169.212963] (stack is not available)
[ 169.213200]
[ 169.213472] The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff8880094b5e00
[ 169.213472] which belongs to the cache UDP of size 1152
[ 169.214095] The buggy address is located 1088 bytes inside of
[ 169.214095] 1152-byte region [ffff8880094b5e00, ffff8880094b6280)
[ 169.214639]
[ 169.215004] The buggy address belongs to the physical page:
[ 169.215766] page:000000002e324c8c refcount:1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x94b4
[ 169.218412] head:000000002e324c8c order:2 compound_mapcount:0 compound_pincount:0
[ 169.219078] flags: 0xfffffc0010200(slab|head|node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x1fffff)
[ 169.220272] raw: 000fffffc0010200
---truncated---
CVSS Score
7.1
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-10-01
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
powerpc/rtas_flash: allow user copy to flash block cache objects
With hardened usercopy enabled (CONFIG_HARDENED_USERCOPY=y), using the
/proc/powerpc/rtas/firmware_update interface to prepare a system
firmware update yields a BUG():
kernel BUG at mm/usercopy.c:102!
Oops: Exception in kernel mode, sig: 5 [#1]
LE PAGE_SIZE=64K MMU=Hash SMP NR_CPUS=2048 NUMA pSeries
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 PID: 2232 Comm: dd Not tainted 6.5.0-rc3+ #2
Hardware name: IBM,8408-E8E POWER8E (raw) 0x4b0201 0xf000004 of:IBM,FW860.50 (SV860_146) hv:phyp pSeries
NIP: c0000000005991d0 LR: c0000000005991cc CTR: 0000000000000000
REGS: c0000000148c76a0 TRAP: 0700 Not tainted (6.5.0-rc3+)
MSR: 8000000000029033 <SF,EE,ME,IR,DR,RI,LE> CR: 24002242 XER: 0000000c
CFAR: c0000000001fbd34 IRQMASK: 0
[ ... GPRs omitted ... ]
NIP usercopy_abort+0xa0/0xb0
LR usercopy_abort+0x9c/0xb0
Call Trace:
usercopy_abort+0x9c/0xb0 (unreliable)
__check_heap_object+0x1b4/0x1d0
__check_object_size+0x2d0/0x380
rtas_flash_write+0xe4/0x250
proc_reg_write+0xfc/0x160
vfs_write+0xfc/0x4e0
ksys_write+0x90/0x160
system_call_exception+0x178/0x320
system_call_common+0x160/0x2c4
The blocks of the firmware image are copied directly from user memory
to objects allocated from flash_block_cache, so flash_block_cache must
be created using kmem_cache_create_usercopy() to mark it safe for user
access.
[mpe: Trim and indent oops]
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-10-01
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
IB/hfi1: Fix possible panic during hotplug remove
During hotplug remove it is possible that the update counters work
might be pending, and may run after memory has been freed.
Cancel the update counters work before freeing memory.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-10-01