The jail_attach system call in FreeBSD 5.1 and 5.2 changes the directory of a calling process even if the process doesn't have permission to change directory, which allows local users to gain read/write privileges to files and directories within another jail.
FreeBSD 5.1 and earlier, and Mac OS X before 10.3.4, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (resource exhaustion of memory buffers and system crash) via a large number of out-of-sequence TCP packets, which prevents the operating system from creating new connections.
The TCP MSS (maximum segment size) functionality in netinet allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (resource exhaustion) via (1) a low MTU, which causes a large number of small packets to be produced, or (2) via a large number of packets with a small TCP payload, which cause a large number of calls to the resource-intensive sowakeup function.
mksnap_ffs in FreeBSD 5.1 and 5.2 only sets the snapshot flag when creating a snapshot for a file system, which causes default values for other flags to be used, possibly disabling security-critical settings and allowing a local user to bypass intended access restrictions.
The shmat system call in the System V Shared Memory interface for FreeBSD 5.2 and earlier, NetBSD 1.3 and earlier, and OpenBSD 2.6 and earlier, does not properly decrement a shared memory segment's reference count when the vm_map_find function fails, which could allow local users to gain read or write access to a portion of kernel memory and gain privileges.
The arplookup function in FreeBSD 5.1 and earlier, Mac OS X before 10.2.8, and possibly other BSD-based systems, allows remote attackers on a local subnet to cause a denial of service (resource starvation and panic) via a flood of spoofed ARP requests.
The prescan function in Sendmail 8.12.9 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via buffer overflow attacks, as demonstrated using the parseaddr function in parseaddr.c.