The system fails to evaluate instructional permissions over multiple internal operation codes (opcodes), permitting unauthorized application installations or command executions.
libexpat before 2.8.2 lacks handler call depth tracking for calls to XML_GetBuffer, XML_Parse, XML_ParseBuffer, XML_ParserFree, or XML_ParserReset from within handlers in cases of a policy violation. Thus, a use-after-free can occur,
The ai_cmd utility executes with full root permissions. It pipes socket inputs directly to popen(), paving the way for unauthenticated users to execute arbitrary root commands.
The local MQTT broker does not enforce topic-level Access Control Lists (ACLs). This allows any client to subscribe using wildcard characters (# or +) to enumerate hidden network devices or publish rogue control commands.
OpenStack Ironic before 35.0.2 allows a malicious authenticated project admin or manager to read local files on the Ironic conductor via a pxe_template.
HTML::Entities versions before 3.84 for Perl read freed heap memory in _decode_entities.
The XS routine backing HTML::Entities::_decode_entities cached a pointer (repl) into the entity-value SV returned by hv_fetch on the entity2char hash. When the input SV was identical to a value SV in that hash, and that value contained its own key as an entity reference, a later call to grow_gap() reallocated the SV's PV buffer and freed the backing allocation that repl still pointed into. The subsequent copy loop read repl_len bytes from the freed allocation.
The read may disclose adjacent heap contents into the destination SV.