Security Vulnerabilities - CVEs Published In September 2025
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
staging: pi433: fix memory leak with using debugfs_lookup()
When calling debugfs_lookup() the result must have dput() called on it,
otherwise the memory will leak over time. To make things simpler, just
call debugfs_lookup_and_remove() instead which handles all of the logic
at once. This requires saving off the root directory dentry to make
creation of individual device subdirectories easier.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.002
Published
2025-09-17
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
usb: gadget: u_serial: Add null pointer check in gserial_suspend
Consider a case where gserial_disconnect has already cleared
gser->ioport. And if gserial_suspend gets called afterwards,
it will lead to accessing of gser->ioport and thus causing
null pointer dereference.
Avoid this by adding a null pointer check. Added a static
spinlock to prevent gser->ioport from becoming null after
the newly added null pointer check.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.002
Published
2025-09-17
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
md/raid10: check slab-out-of-bounds in md_bitmap_get_counter
If we write a large number to md/bitmap_set_bits, md_bitmap_checkpage()
will return -EINVAL because 'page >= bitmap->pages', but the return value
was not checked immediately in md_bitmap_get_counter() in order to set
*blocks value and slab-out-of-bounds occurs.
Move check of 'page >= bitmap->pages' to md_bitmap_get_counter() and
return directly if true.
CVSS Score
7.1
EPSS Score
0.002
Published
2025-09-17
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ksmbd: fix racy issue under cocurrent smb2 tree disconnect
There is UAF issue under cocurrent smb2 tree disconnect.
This patch introduce TREE_CONN_EXPIRE flags for tcon to avoid cocurrent
access.
CVSS Score
8.8
EPSS Score
0.004
Published
2025-09-17
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
icmp6: Fix null-ptr-deref of ip6_null_entry->rt6i_idev in icmp6_dev().
With some IPv6 Ext Hdr (RPL, SRv6, etc.), we can send a packet that
has the link-local address as src and dst IP and will be forwarded to
an external IP in the IPv6 Ext Hdr.
For example, the script below generates a packet whose src IP is the
link-local address and dst is updated to 11::.
# for f in $(find /proc/sys/net/ -name *seg6_enabled*); do echo 1 > $f; done
# python3
>>> from socket import *
>>> from scapy.all import *
>>>
>>> SRC_ADDR = DST_ADDR = "fe80::5054:ff:fe12:3456"
>>>
>>> pkt = IPv6(src=SRC_ADDR, dst=DST_ADDR)
>>> pkt /= IPv6ExtHdrSegmentRouting(type=4, addresses=["11::", "22::"], segleft=1)
>>>
>>> sk = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_RAW)
>>> sk.sendto(bytes(pkt), (DST_ADDR, 0))
For such a packet, we call ip6_route_input() to look up a route for the
next destination in these three functions depending on the header type.
* ipv6_rthdr_rcv()
* ipv6_rpl_srh_rcv()
* ipv6_srh_rcv()
If no route is found, ip6_null_entry is set to skb, and the following
dst_input(skb) calls ip6_pkt_drop().
Finally, in icmp6_dev(), we dereference skb_rt6_info(skb)->rt6i_idev->dev
as the input device is the loopback interface. Then, we have to check if
skb_rt6_info(skb)->rt6i_idev is NULL or not to avoid NULL pointer deref
for ip6_null_entry.
BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000
PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode
PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page
PGD 0 P4D 0
Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP PTI
CPU: 0 PID: 157 Comm: python3 Not tainted 6.4.0-11996-gb121d614371c #35
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.16.0-0-gd239552ce722-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014
RIP: 0010:icmp6_send (net/ipv6/icmp.c:436 net/ipv6/icmp.c:503)
Code: fe ff ff 48 c7 40 30 c0 86 5d 83 e8 c6 44 1c 00 e9 c8 fc ff ff 49 8b 46 58 48 83 e0 fe 0f 84 4a fb ff ff 48 8b 80 d0 00 00 00 <48> 8b 00 44 8b 88 e0 00 00 00 e9 34 fb ff ff 4d 85 ed 0f 85 69 01
RSP: 0018:ffffc90000003c70 EFLAGS: 00000286
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000001 RCX: 00000000000000e0
RDX: 0000000000000021 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffff888006d72a18
RBP: ffffc90000003d80 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000001
R10: ffffc90000003d98 R11: 0000000000000040 R12: ffff888006d72a10
R13: 0000000000000000 R14: ffff8880057fb800 R15: ffffffff835d86c0
FS: 00007f9dc72ee740(0000) GS:ffff88807dc00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 0000000000000000 CR3: 00000000057b2000 CR4: 00000000007506f0
PKRU: 55555554
Call Trace:
<IRQ>
ip6_pkt_drop (net/ipv6/route.c:4513)
ipv6_rthdr_rcv (net/ipv6/exthdrs.c:640 net/ipv6/exthdrs.c:686)
ip6_protocol_deliver_rcu (net/ipv6/ip6_input.c:437 (discriminator 5))
ip6_input_finish (./include/linux/rcupdate.h:781 net/ipv6/ip6_input.c:483)
__netif_receive_skb_one_core (net/core/dev.c:5455)
process_backlog (./include/linux/rcupdate.h:781 net/core/dev.c:5895)
__napi_poll (net/core/dev.c:6460)
net_rx_action (net/core/dev.c:6529 net/core/dev.c:6660)
__do_softirq (./arch/x86/include/asm/jump_label.h:27 ./include/linux/jump_label.h:207 ./include/trace/events/irq.h:142 kernel/softirq.c:554)
do_softirq (kernel/softirq.c:454 kernel/softirq.c:441)
</IRQ>
<TASK>
__local_bh_enable_ip (kernel/softirq.c:381)
__dev_queue_xmit (net/core/dev.c:4231)
ip6_finish_output2 (./include/net/neighbour.h:544 net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:135)
rawv6_sendmsg (./include/net/dst.h:458 ./include/linux/netfilter.h:303 net/ipv6/raw.c:656 net/ipv6/raw.c:914)
sock_sendmsg (net/socket.c:725 net/socket.c:748)
__sys_sendto (net/socket.c:2134)
__x64_sys_sendto (net/socket.c:2146 net/socket.c:2142 net/socket.c:2142)
do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80)
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:120)
RIP: 0033:0x7f9dc751baea
Code: d8 64 89 02 48 c7 c0 ff f
---truncated---
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.002
Published
2025-09-17
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
can: bcm: bcm_tx_setup(): fix KMSAN uninit-value in vfs_write
Syzkaller reported the following issue:
=====================================================
BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in aio_rw_done fs/aio.c:1520 [inline]
BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in aio_write+0x899/0x950 fs/aio.c:1600
aio_rw_done fs/aio.c:1520 [inline]
aio_write+0x899/0x950 fs/aio.c:1600
io_submit_one+0x1d1c/0x3bf0 fs/aio.c:2019
__do_sys_io_submit fs/aio.c:2078 [inline]
__se_sys_io_submit+0x293/0x770 fs/aio.c:2048
__x64_sys_io_submit+0x92/0xd0 fs/aio.c:2048
do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
do_syscall_64+0x3d/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
Uninit was created at:
slab_post_alloc_hook mm/slab.h:766 [inline]
slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:3452 [inline]
__kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x71f/0xce0 mm/slub.c:3491
__do_kmalloc_node mm/slab_common.c:967 [inline]
__kmalloc+0x11d/0x3b0 mm/slab_common.c:981
kmalloc_array include/linux/slab.h:636 [inline]
bcm_tx_setup+0x80e/0x29d0 net/can/bcm.c:930
bcm_sendmsg+0x3a2/0xce0 net/can/bcm.c:1351
sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:714 [inline]
sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:734 [inline]
sock_write_iter+0x495/0x5e0 net/socket.c:1108
call_write_iter include/linux/fs.h:2189 [inline]
aio_write+0x63a/0x950 fs/aio.c:1600
io_submit_one+0x1d1c/0x3bf0 fs/aio.c:2019
__do_sys_io_submit fs/aio.c:2078 [inline]
__se_sys_io_submit+0x293/0x770 fs/aio.c:2048
__x64_sys_io_submit+0x92/0xd0 fs/aio.c:2048
do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
do_syscall_64+0x3d/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
CPU: 1 PID: 5034 Comm: syz-executor350 Not tainted 6.2.0-rc6-syzkaller-80422-geda666ff2276 #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 01/12/2023
=====================================================
We can follow the call chain and find that 'bcm_tx_setup' function
calls 'memcpy_from_msg' to copy some content to the newly allocated
frame of 'op->frames'. After that the 'len' field of copied structure
being compared with some constant value (64 or 8). However, if
'memcpy_from_msg' returns an error, we will compare some uninitialized
memory. This triggers 'uninit-value' issue.
This patch will add 'memcpy_from_msg' possible errors processing to
avoid uninit-value issue.
Tested via syzkaller
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.002
Published
2025-09-17
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
rxrpc: Fix potential data race in rxrpc_wait_to_be_connected()
Inside the loop in rxrpc_wait_to_be_connected() it checks call->error to
see if it should exit the loop without first checking the call state. This
is probably safe as if call->error is set, the call is dead anyway, but we
should probably wait for the call state to have been set to completion
first, lest it cause surprise on the way out.
Fix this by only accessing call->error if the call is complete. We don't
actually need to access the error inside the loop as we'll do that after.
This caused the following report:
BUG: KCSAN: data-race in rxrpc_send_data / rxrpc_set_call_completion
write to 0xffff888159cf3c50 of 4 bytes by task 25673 on cpu 1:
rxrpc_set_call_completion+0x71/0x1c0 net/rxrpc/call_state.c:22
rxrpc_send_data_packet+0xba9/0x1650 net/rxrpc/output.c:479
rxrpc_transmit_one+0x1e/0x130 net/rxrpc/output.c:714
rxrpc_decant_prepared_tx net/rxrpc/call_event.c:326 [inline]
rxrpc_transmit_some_data+0x496/0x600 net/rxrpc/call_event.c:350
rxrpc_input_call_event+0x564/0x1220 net/rxrpc/call_event.c:464
rxrpc_io_thread+0x307/0x1d80 net/rxrpc/io_thread.c:461
kthread+0x1ac/0x1e0 kernel/kthread.c:376
ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:308
read to 0xffff888159cf3c50 of 4 bytes by task 25672 on cpu 0:
rxrpc_send_data+0x29e/0x1950 net/rxrpc/sendmsg.c:296
rxrpc_do_sendmsg+0xb7a/0xc20 net/rxrpc/sendmsg.c:726
rxrpc_sendmsg+0x413/0x520 net/rxrpc/af_rxrpc.c:565
sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:724 [inline]
sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:747 [inline]
____sys_sendmsg+0x375/0x4c0 net/socket.c:2501
___sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2555 [inline]
__sys_sendmmsg+0x263/0x500 net/socket.c:2641
__do_sys_sendmmsg net/socket.c:2670 [inline]
__se_sys_sendmmsg net/socket.c:2667 [inline]
__x64_sys_sendmmsg+0x57/0x60 net/socket.c:2667
do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
do_syscall_64+0x41/0xc0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
value changed: 0x00000000 -> 0xffffffea
CVSS Score
4.7
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-09-17
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
kernel/fail_function: fix memory leak with using debugfs_lookup()
When calling debugfs_lookup() the result must have dput() called on it,
otherwise the memory will leak over time. To make things simpler, just
call debugfs_lookup_and_remove() instead which handles all of the logic
at once.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.002
Published
2025-09-17
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net/mlx5: Handle pairing of E-switch via uplink un/load APIs
In case user switch a device from switchdev mode to legacy mode, mlx5
first unpair the E-switch and afterwards unload the uplink vport.
From the other hand, in case user remove or reload a device, mlx5
first unload the uplink vport and afterwards unpair the E-switch.
The latter is causing a bug[1], hence, handle pairing of E-switch as
part of uplink un/load APIs.
[1]
In case VF_LAG is used, every tc fdb flow is duplicated to the peer
esw. However, the original esw keeps a pointer to this duplicated
flow, not the peer esw.
e.g.: if user create tc fdb flow over esw0, the flow is duplicated
over esw1, in FW/HW, but in SW, esw0 keeps a pointer to the duplicated
flow.
During module unload while a peer tc fdb flow is still offloaded, in
case the first device to be removed is the peer device (esw1 in the
example above), the peer net-dev is destroyed, and so the mlx5e_priv
is memset to 0.
Afterwards, the peer device is trying to unpair himself from the
original device (esw0 in the example above). Unpair API invoke the
original device to clear peer flow from its eswitch (esw0), but the
peer flow, which is stored over the original eswitch (esw0), is
trying to use the peer mlx5e_priv, which is memset to 0 and result in
bellow kernel-oops.
[ 157.964081 ] BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 000000000002ce60
[ 157.964662 ] #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode
[ 157.965123 ] #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page
[ 157.965582 ] PGD 0 P4D 0
[ 157.965866 ] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP
[ 157.967670 ] RIP: 0010:mlx5e_tc_del_fdb_flow+0x48/0x460 [mlx5_core]
[ 157.976164 ] Call Trace:
[ 157.976437 ] <TASK>
[ 157.976690 ] __mlx5e_tc_del_fdb_peer_flow+0xe6/0x100 [mlx5_core]
[ 157.977230 ] mlx5e_tc_clean_fdb_peer_flows+0x67/0x90 [mlx5_core]
[ 157.977767 ] mlx5_esw_offloads_unpair+0x2d/0x1e0 [mlx5_core]
[ 157.984653 ] mlx5_esw_offloads_devcom_event+0xbf/0x130 [mlx5_core]
[ 157.985212 ] mlx5_devcom_send_event+0xa3/0xb0 [mlx5_core]
[ 157.985714 ] esw_offloads_disable+0x5a/0x110 [mlx5_core]
[ 157.986209 ] mlx5_eswitch_disable_locked+0x152/0x170 [mlx5_core]
[ 157.986757 ] mlx5_eswitch_disable+0x51/0x80 [mlx5_core]
[ 157.987248 ] mlx5_unload+0x2a/0xb0 [mlx5_core]
[ 157.987678 ] mlx5_uninit_one+0x5f/0xd0 [mlx5_core]
[ 157.988127 ] remove_one+0x64/0xe0 [mlx5_core]
[ 157.988549 ] pci_device_remove+0x31/0xa0
[ 157.988933 ] device_release_driver_internal+0x18f/0x1f0
[ 157.989402 ] driver_detach+0x3f/0x80
[ 157.989754 ] bus_remove_driver+0x70/0xf0
[ 157.990129 ] pci_unregister_driver+0x34/0x90
[ 157.990537 ] mlx5_cleanup+0xc/0x1c [mlx5_core]
[ 157.990972 ] __x64_sys_delete_module+0x15a/0x250
[ 157.991398 ] ? exit_to_user_mode_prepare+0xea/0x110
[ 157.991840 ] do_syscall_64+0x3d/0x90
[ 157.992198 ] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x46/0xb0
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.002
Published
2025-09-17
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
btrfs: fix deadlock when aborting transaction during relocation with scrub
Before relocating a block group we pause scrub, then do the relocation and
then unpause scrub. The relocation process requires starting and committing
a transaction, and if we have a failure in the critical section of the
transaction commit path (transaction state >= TRANS_STATE_COMMIT_START),
we will deadlock if there is a paused scrub.
That results in stack traces like the following:
[42.479] BTRFS info (device sdc): relocating block group 53876686848 flags metadata|raid6
[42.936] BTRFS warning (device sdc): Skipping commit of aborted transaction.
[42.936] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[42.936] BTRFS: Transaction aborted (error -28)
[42.936] WARNING: CPU: 11 PID: 346822 at fs/btrfs/transaction.c:1977 btrfs_commit_transaction+0xcc8/0xeb0 [btrfs]
[42.936] Modules linked in: dm_flakey dm_mod loop btrfs (...)
[42.936] CPU: 11 PID: 346822 Comm: btrfs Tainted: G W 6.3.0-rc2-btrfs-next-127+ #1
[42.936] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.14.0-0-g155821a1990b-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014
[42.936] RIP: 0010:btrfs_commit_transaction+0xcc8/0xeb0 [btrfs]
[42.936] Code: ff ff 45 8b (...)
[42.936] RSP: 0018:ffffb58649633b48 EFLAGS: 00010282
[42.936] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff8be6ef4d5bd8 RCX: 0000000000000000
[42.936] RDX: 0000000000000002 RSI: ffffffffb35e7782 RDI: 00000000ffffffff
[42.936] RBP: ffff8be6ef4d5c98 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffb586496339e8
[42.936] R10: 0000000000000001 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: ffff8be6d38c7c00
[42.936] R13: 00000000ffffffe4 R14: ffff8be6c268c000 R15: ffff8be6ef4d5cf0
[42.936] FS: 00007f381a82b340(0000) GS:ffff8beddfcc0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[42.936] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[42.936] CR2: 00007f1e35fb7638 CR3: 0000000117680006 CR4: 0000000000370ee0
[42.936] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
[42.936] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
[42.936] Call Trace:
[42.936] <TASK>
[42.936] ? start_transaction+0xcb/0x610 [btrfs]
[42.936] prepare_to_relocate+0x111/0x1a0 [btrfs]
[42.936] relocate_block_group+0x57/0x5d0 [btrfs]
[42.936] ? btrfs_wait_nocow_writers+0x25/0xb0 [btrfs]
[42.936] btrfs_relocate_block_group+0x248/0x3c0 [btrfs]
[42.936] ? __pfx_autoremove_wake_function+0x10/0x10
[42.936] btrfs_relocate_chunk+0x3b/0x150 [btrfs]
[42.936] btrfs_balance+0x8ff/0x11d0 [btrfs]
[42.936] ? __kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x14a/0x410
[42.936] btrfs_ioctl+0x2334/0x32c0 [btrfs]
[42.937] ? mod_objcg_state+0xd2/0x360
[42.937] ? refill_obj_stock+0xb0/0x160
[42.937] ? seq_release+0x25/0x30
[42.937] ? __rseq_handle_notify_resume+0x3b5/0x4b0
[42.937] ? percpu_counter_add_batch+0x2e/0xa0
[42.937] ? __x64_sys_ioctl+0x88/0xc0
[42.937] __x64_sys_ioctl+0x88/0xc0
[42.937] do_syscall_64+0x38/0x90
[42.937] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x72/0xdc
[42.937] RIP: 0033:0x7f381a6ffe9b
[42.937] Code: 00 48 89 44 24 (...)
[42.937] RSP: 002b:00007ffd45ecf060 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010
[42.937] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000001 RCX: 00007f381a6ffe9b
[42.937] RDX: 00007ffd45ecf150 RSI: 00000000c4009420 RDI: 0000000000000003
[42.937] RBP: 0000000000000003 R08: 0000000000000013 R09: 0000000000000000
[42.937] R10: 00007f381a60c878 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007ffd45ed0423
[42.937] R13: 00007ffd45ecf150 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 00007ffd45ecf148
[42.937] </TASK>
[42.937] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
[42.937] BTRFS: error (device sdc: state A) in cleanup_transaction:1977: errno=-28 No space left
[59.196] INFO: task btrfs:346772 blocked for more than 120 seconds.
[59.196] Tainted: G W 6.3.0-rc2-btrfs-next-127+ #1
[59.196] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_
---truncated---
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.002
Published
2025-09-17