Security Vulnerabilities - CVEs Published In September 2025
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
video/aperture: Call sysfb_disable() before removing PCI devices
Call sysfb_disable() from aperture_remove_conflicting_pci_devices()
before removing PCI devices. Without, simpledrm can still bind to
simple-framebuffer devices after the hardware driver has taken over
the hardware. Both drivers interfere with each other and results are
undefined.
Reported modesetting errors [1] are shown below.
---- snap ----
rcu: INFO: rcu_sched detected expedited stalls on CPUs/tasks: { 13-.... } 7 jiffies s: 165 root: 0x2000/.
rcu: blocking rcu_node structures (internal RCU debug):
Task dump for CPU 13:
task:X state:R running task stack: 0 pid: 4242 ppid: 4228 flags:0x00000008
Call Trace:
<TASK>
? commit_tail+0xd7/0x130
? drm_atomic_helper_commit+0x126/0x150
? drm_atomic_commit+0xa4/0xe0
? drm_plane_get_damage_clips.cold+0x1c/0x1c
? drm_atomic_helper_dirtyfb+0x19e/0x280
? drm_mode_dirtyfb_ioctl+0x10f/0x1e0
? drm_mode_getfb2_ioctl+0x2d0/0x2d0
? drm_ioctl_kernel+0xc4/0x150
? drm_ioctl+0x246/0x3f0
? drm_mode_getfb2_ioctl+0x2d0/0x2d0
? __x64_sys_ioctl+0x91/0xd0
? do_syscall_64+0x60/0xd0
? entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0xb5
</TASK>
...
rcu: INFO: rcu_sched detected expedited stalls on CPUs/tasks: { 13-.... } 30 jiffies s: 169 root: 0x2000/.
rcu: blocking rcu_node structures (internal RCU debug):
Task dump for CPU 13:
task:X state:R running task stack: 0 pid: 4242 ppid: 4228 flags:0x0000400e
Call Trace:
<TASK>
? memcpy_toio+0x76/0xc0
? memcpy_toio+0x1b/0xc0
? drm_fb_memcpy_toio+0x76/0xb0
? drm_fb_blit_toio+0x75/0x2b0
? simpledrm_simple_display_pipe_update+0x132/0x150
? drm_atomic_helper_commit_planes+0xb6/0x230
? drm_atomic_helper_commit_tail+0x44/0x80
? commit_tail+0xd7/0x130
? drm_atomic_helper_commit+0x126/0x150
? drm_atomic_commit+0xa4/0xe0
? drm_plane_get_damage_clips.cold+0x1c/0x1c
? drm_atomic_helper_dirtyfb+0x19e/0x280
? drm_mode_dirtyfb_ioctl+0x10f/0x1e0
? drm_mode_getfb2_ioctl+0x2d0/0x2d0
? drm_ioctl_kernel+0xc4/0x150
? drm_ioctl+0x246/0x3f0
? drm_mode_getfb2_ioctl+0x2d0/0x2d0
? __x64_sys_ioctl+0x91/0xd0
? do_syscall_64+0x60/0xd0
? entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0xb5
</TASK>
The problem was added by commit 5e0137612430 ("video/aperture: Disable
and unregister sysfb devices via aperture helpers") to v6.0.3 and does
not exist in the mainline branch.
The mainline commit 5e0137612430 ("video/aperture: Disable and
unregister sysfb devices via aperture helpers") has been backported
from v6.0-rc1 to stable v6.0.3 from a larger patch series [2] that
reworks fbdev framebuffer ownership. The backport misses a change to
aperture_remove_conflicting_pci_devices(). Mainline itself is fine,
because the function does not exist there as a result of the patch
series.
Instead of backporting the whole series, fix the additional function.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
fs: jfs: fix shift-out-of-bounds in dbDiscardAG
This should be applied to most URSAN bugs found recently by syzbot,
by guarding the dbMount. As syzbot feeding rubbish into the bmap
descriptor.
CVSS Score
7.1
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
hugetlbfs: fix null-ptr-deref in hugetlbfs_parse_param()
Syzkaller reports a null-ptr-deref bug as follows:
======================================================
KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000000-0x0000000000000007]
RIP: 0010:hugetlbfs_parse_param+0x1dd/0x8e0 fs/hugetlbfs/inode.c:1380
[...]
Call Trace:
<TASK>
vfs_parse_fs_param fs/fs_context.c:148 [inline]
vfs_parse_fs_param+0x1f9/0x3c0 fs/fs_context.c:129
vfs_parse_fs_string+0xdb/0x170 fs/fs_context.c:191
generic_parse_monolithic+0x16f/0x1f0 fs/fs_context.c:231
do_new_mount fs/namespace.c:3036 [inline]
path_mount+0x12de/0x1e20 fs/namespace.c:3370
do_mount fs/namespace.c:3383 [inline]
__do_sys_mount fs/namespace.c:3591 [inline]
__se_sys_mount fs/namespace.c:3568 [inline]
__x64_sys_mount+0x27f/0x300 fs/namespace.c:3568
do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
do_syscall_64+0x35/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
[...]
</TASK>
======================================================
According to commit "vfs: parse: deal with zero length string value",
kernel will set the param->string to null pointer in vfs_parse_fs_string()
if fs string has zero length.
Yet the problem is that, hugetlbfs_parse_param() will dereference the
param->string, without checking whether it is a null pointer. To be more
specific, if hugetlbfs_parse_param() parses an illegal mount parameter,
such as "size=,", kernel will constructs struct fs_parameter with null
pointer in vfs_parse_fs_string(), then passes this struct fs_parameter to
hugetlbfs_parse_param(), which triggers the above null-ptr-deref bug.
This patch solves it by adding sanity check on param->string
in hugetlbfs_parse_param().
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
9p: set req refcount to zero to avoid uninitialized usage
When a new request is allocated, the refcount will be zero if it is
reused, but if the request is newly allocated from slab, it is not fully
initialized before being added to idr.
If the p9_read_work got a response before the refcount initiated. It will
use a uninitialized req, which will result in a bad request data struct.
Here is the logs from syzbot.
Corrupted memory at 0xffff88807eade00b [ 0xff 0x07 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
0x00 0x00 . . . . . . . . ] (in kfence-#110):
p9_fcall_fini net/9p/client.c:248 [inline]
p9_req_put net/9p/client.c:396 [inline]
p9_req_put+0x208/0x250 net/9p/client.c:390
p9_client_walk+0x247/0x540 net/9p/client.c:1165
clone_fid fs/9p/fid.h:21 [inline]
v9fs_fid_xattr_set+0xe4/0x2b0 fs/9p/xattr.c:118
v9fs_xattr_set fs/9p/xattr.c:100 [inline]
v9fs_xattr_handler_set+0x6f/0x120 fs/9p/xattr.c:159
__vfs_setxattr+0x119/0x180 fs/xattr.c:182
__vfs_setxattr_noperm+0x129/0x5f0 fs/xattr.c:216
__vfs_setxattr_locked+0x1d3/0x260 fs/xattr.c:277
vfs_setxattr+0x143/0x340 fs/xattr.c:309
setxattr+0x146/0x160 fs/xattr.c:617
path_setxattr+0x197/0x1c0 fs/xattr.c:636
__do_sys_setxattr fs/xattr.c:652 [inline]
__se_sys_setxattr fs/xattr.c:648 [inline]
__ia32_sys_setxattr+0xc0/0x160 fs/xattr.c:648
do_syscall_32_irqs_on arch/x86/entry/common.c:112 [inline]
__do_fast_syscall_32+0x65/0xf0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:178
do_fast_syscall_32+0x33/0x70 arch/x86/entry/common.c:203
entry_SYSENTER_compat_after_hwframe+0x70/0x82
Below is a similar scenario, the scenario in the syzbot log looks more
complicated than this one, but this patch can fix it.
T21124 p9_read_work
======================== second trans =================================
p9_client_walk
p9_client_rpc
p9_client_prepare_req
p9_tag_alloc
req = kmem_cache_alloc(p9_req_cache, GFP_NOFS);
tag = idr_alloc
<< preempted >>
req->tc.tag = tag;
/* req->[refcount/tag] == uninitialized */
m->rreq = p9_tag_lookup(m->client, m->rc.tag);
/* increments uninitalized refcount */
refcount_set(&req->refcount, 2);
/* cb drops one ref */
p9_client_cb(req)
/* reader thread drops its ref:
request is incorrectly freed */
p9_req_put(req)
/* use after free and ref underflow */
p9_req_put(req)
To fix it, we can initialize the refcount to zero before add to idr.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
fs/ntfs3: Add null pointer check to attr_load_runs_vcn
Some metadata files are handled before MFT. This adds a null pointer
check for some corner cases that could lead to NPD while reading these
metadata files for a malformed NTFS image.
[ 240.190827] BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000158
[ 240.191583] #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode
[ 240.191956] #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page
[ 240.192391] PGD 0 P4D 0
[ 240.192897] Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN NOPTI
[ 240.193805] CPU: 0 PID: 242 Comm: mount Tainted: G B 5.19.0+ #17
[ 240.194477] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.14.0-0-g155821a1990b-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014
[ 240.195152] RIP: 0010:ni_find_attr+0xae/0x300
[ 240.195679] Code: c8 48 c7 45 88 c0 4e 5e 86 c7 00 f1 f1 f1 f1 c7 40 04 00 f3 f3 f3 65 48 8b 04 25 28 00 00 00 48 89 45 d0 31 c0 e8 e2 d9f
[ 240.196642] RSP: 0018:ffff88800812f690 EFLAGS: 00000286
[ 240.197019] RAX: 0000000000000001 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: ffffffff85ef037a
[ 240.197523] RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 0000000000000008 RDI: ffffffff88e95f60
[ 240.197877] RBP: ffff88800812f738 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: fffffbfff11d2bed
[ 240.198292] R10: ffffffff88e95f67 R11: fffffbfff11d2bec R12: 0000000000000000
[ 240.198647] R13: 0000000000000080 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
[ 240.199410] FS: 00007f233c33be40(0000) GS:ffff888058200000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[ 240.199895] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[ 240.200314] CR2: 0000000000000158 CR3: 0000000004d32000 CR4: 00000000000006f0
[ 240.200839] Call Trace:
[ 240.201104] <TASK>
[ 240.201502] ? ni_load_mi+0x80/0x80
[ 240.202297] ? ___slab_alloc+0x465/0x830
[ 240.202614] attr_load_runs_vcn+0x8c/0x1a0
[ 240.202886] ? __kasan_slab_alloc+0x32/0x90
[ 240.203157] ? attr_data_write_resident+0x250/0x250
[ 240.203543] mi_read+0x133/0x2c0
[ 240.203785] mi_get+0x70/0x140
[ 240.204012] ni_load_mi_ex+0xfa/0x190
[ 240.204346] ? ni_std5+0x90/0x90
[ 240.204588] ? __kasan_kmalloc+0x88/0xb0
[ 240.204859] ni_enum_attr_ex+0xf1/0x1c0
[ 240.205107] ? ni_fname_type.part.0+0xd0/0xd0
[ 240.205600] ? ntfs_load_attr_list+0xbe/0x300
[ 240.205864] ? ntfs_cmp_names_cpu+0x125/0x180
[ 240.206157] ntfs_iget5+0x56c/0x1870
[ 240.206510] ? ntfs_get_block_bmap+0x70/0x70
[ 240.206776] ? __kasan_kmalloc+0x88/0xb0
[ 240.207030] ? set_blocksize+0x95/0x150
[ 240.207545] ntfs_fill_super+0xb8f/0x1e20
[ 240.207839] ? put_ntfs+0x1d0/0x1d0
[ 240.208069] ? vsprintf+0x20/0x20
[ 240.208467] ? mutex_unlock+0x81/0xd0
[ 240.208846] ? set_blocksize+0x95/0x150
[ 240.209221] get_tree_bdev+0x232/0x370
[ 240.209804] ? put_ntfs+0x1d0/0x1d0
[ 240.210519] ntfs_fs_get_tree+0x15/0x20
[ 240.210991] vfs_get_tree+0x4c/0x130
[ 240.211455] path_mount+0x645/0xfd0
[ 240.211806] ? putname+0x80/0xa0
[ 240.212112] ? finish_automount+0x2e0/0x2e0
[ 240.212559] ? kmem_cache_free+0x110/0x390
[ 240.212906] ? putname+0x80/0xa0
[ 240.213329] do_mount+0xd6/0xf0
[ 240.213829] ? path_mount+0xfd0/0xfd0
[ 240.214246] ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x20
[ 240.214774] __x64_sys_mount+0xca/0x110
[ 240.215080] do_syscall_64+0x3b/0x90
[ 240.215442] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
[ 240.215811] RIP: 0033:0x7f233b4e948a
[ 240.216104] Code: 48 8b 0d 11 fa 2a 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48 83 c8 ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 49 89 ca b8 a5 00 00 008
[ 240.217615] RSP: 002b:00007fff02211ec8 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000a5
[ 240.218718] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000561cdc35b060 RCX: 00007f233b4e948a
[ 240.219556] RDX: 0000561cdc35b260 RSI: 0000561cdc35b2e0 RDI: 0000561cdc363af0
[ 240.219975] RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 0000561cdc35b280 R09: 0000000000000020
[ 240.220403] R10: 00000000c0ed0000 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000561cdc363af0
[ 240.220803] R13: 000
---truncated---
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
wifi: brcmfmac: fix potential memory leak in brcmf_netdev_start_xmit()
The brcmf_netdev_start_xmit() returns NETDEV_TX_OK without freeing skb
in case of pskb_expand_head() fails, add dev_kfree_skb() to fix it.
Compile tested only.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
rtc: msc313: Fix function prototype mismatch in msc313_rtc_probe()
With clang's kernel control flow integrity (kCFI, CONFIG_CFI_CLANG),
indirect call targets are validated against the expected function
pointer prototype to make sure the call target is valid to help mitigate
ROP attacks. If they are not identical, there is a failure at run time,
which manifests as either a kernel panic or thread getting killed.
msc313_rtc_probe() was passing clk_disable_unprepare() directly, which
did not have matching prototypes for devm_add_action_or_reset()'s
callback argument. Refactor to use devm_clk_get_enabled() instead.
This was found as a result of Clang's new -Wcast-function-type-strict
flag, which is more sensitive than the simpler -Wcast-function-type,
which only checks for type width mismatches.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net: do not sense pfmemalloc status in skb_append_pagefrags()
skb_append_pagefrags() is used by af_unix and udp sendpage()
implementation so far.
In commit 326140063946 ("tcp: TX zerocopy should not sense
pfmemalloc status") we explained why we should not sense
pfmemalloc status for pages owned by user space.
We should also use skb_fill_page_desc_noacc()
in skb_append_pagefrags() to avoid following KCSAN report:
BUG: KCSAN: data-race in lru_add_fn / skb_append_pagefrags
write to 0xffffea00058fc1c8 of 8 bytes by task 17319 on cpu 0:
__list_add include/linux/list.h:73 [inline]
list_add include/linux/list.h:88 [inline]
lruvec_add_folio include/linux/mm_inline.h:323 [inline]
lru_add_fn+0x327/0x410 mm/swap.c:228
folio_batch_move_lru+0x1e1/0x2a0 mm/swap.c:246
lru_add_drain_cpu+0x73/0x250 mm/swap.c:669
lru_add_drain+0x21/0x60 mm/swap.c:773
free_pages_and_swap_cache+0x16/0x70 mm/swap_state.c:311
tlb_batch_pages_flush mm/mmu_gather.c:59 [inline]
tlb_flush_mmu_free mm/mmu_gather.c:256 [inline]
tlb_flush_mmu+0x5b2/0x640 mm/mmu_gather.c:263
tlb_finish_mmu+0x86/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:363
exit_mmap+0x190/0x4d0 mm/mmap.c:3098
__mmput+0x27/0x1b0 kernel/fork.c:1185
mmput+0x3d/0x50 kernel/fork.c:1207
copy_process+0x19fc/0x2100 kernel/fork.c:2518
kernel_clone+0x166/0x550 kernel/fork.c:2671
__do_sys_clone kernel/fork.c:2812 [inline]
__se_sys_clone kernel/fork.c:2796 [inline]
__x64_sys_clone+0xc3/0xf0 kernel/fork.c:2796
do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
do_syscall_64+0x2b/0x70 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
read to 0xffffea00058fc1c8 of 8 bytes by task 17325 on cpu 1:
page_is_pfmemalloc include/linux/mm.h:1817 [inline]
__skb_fill_page_desc include/linux/skbuff.h:2432 [inline]
skb_fill_page_desc include/linux/skbuff.h:2453 [inline]
skb_append_pagefrags+0x210/0x600 net/core/skbuff.c:3974
unix_stream_sendpage+0x45e/0x990 net/unix/af_unix.c:2338
kernel_sendpage+0x184/0x300 net/socket.c:3561
sock_sendpage+0x5a/0x70 net/socket.c:1054
pipe_to_sendpage+0x128/0x160 fs/splice.c:361
splice_from_pipe_feed fs/splice.c:415 [inline]
__splice_from_pipe+0x222/0x4d0 fs/splice.c:559
splice_from_pipe fs/splice.c:594 [inline]
generic_splice_sendpage+0x89/0xc0 fs/splice.c:743
do_splice_from fs/splice.c:764 [inline]
direct_splice_actor+0x80/0xa0 fs/splice.c:931
splice_direct_to_actor+0x305/0x620 fs/splice.c:886
do_splice_direct+0xfb/0x180 fs/splice.c:974
do_sendfile+0x3bf/0x910 fs/read_write.c:1255
__do_sys_sendfile64 fs/read_write.c:1323 [inline]
__se_sys_sendfile64 fs/read_write.c:1309 [inline]
__x64_sys_sendfile64+0x10c/0x150 fs/read_write.c:1309
do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
do_syscall_64+0x2b/0x70 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
value changed: 0x0000000000000000 -> 0xffffea00058fc188
Reported by Kernel Concurrency Sanitizer on:
CPU: 1 PID: 17325 Comm: syz-executor.0 Not tainted 6.1.0-rc1-syzkaller-00158-g440b7895c990-dirty #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/11/2022
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
mtd: maps: pxa2xx-flash: fix memory leak in probe
Free 'info' upon remapping error to avoid a memory leak.
[<miquel.raynal@bootlin.com>: Reword the commit log]
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ASoC: Intel: avs: Fix potential RX buffer overflow
If an event caused firmware to return invalid RX size for
LARGE_CONFIG_GET, memcpy_fromio() could end up copying too many bytes.
Fix by utilizing min_t().
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-09-15