Security Vulnerabilities - CVEs Published In July 2025
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
Input: cs40l50-vibra - fix potential NULL dereference in cs40l50_upload_owt()
The cs40l50_upload_owt() function allocates memory via kmalloc()
without checking for allocation failure, which could lead to a
NULL pointer dereference.
Return -ENOMEM in case allocation fails.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-25
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
btrfs: fix iteration of extrefs during log replay
At __inode_add_ref() when processing extrefs, if we jump into the next
label we have an undefined value of victim_name.len, since we haven't
initialized it before we did the goto. This results in an invalid memory
access in the next iteration of the loop since victim_name.len was not
initialized to the length of the name of the current extref.
Fix this by initializing victim_name.len with the current extref's name
length.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-25
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
mm/vmalloc: fix data race in show_numa_info()
The following data-race was found in show_numa_info():
==================================================================
BUG: KCSAN: data-race in vmalloc_info_show / vmalloc_info_show
read to 0xffff88800971fe30 of 4 bytes by task 8289 on cpu 0:
show_numa_info mm/vmalloc.c:4936 [inline]
vmalloc_info_show+0x5a8/0x7e0 mm/vmalloc.c:5016
seq_read_iter+0x373/0xb40 fs/seq_file.c:230
proc_reg_read_iter+0x11e/0x170 fs/proc/inode.c:299
....
write to 0xffff88800971fe30 of 4 bytes by task 8287 on cpu 1:
show_numa_info mm/vmalloc.c:4934 [inline]
vmalloc_info_show+0x38f/0x7e0 mm/vmalloc.c:5016
seq_read_iter+0x373/0xb40 fs/seq_file.c:230
proc_reg_read_iter+0x11e/0x170 fs/proc/inode.c:299
....
value changed: 0x0000008f -> 0x00000000
==================================================================
According to this report,there is a read/write data-race because
m->private is accessible to multiple CPUs. To fix this, instead of
allocating the heap in proc_vmalloc_init() and passing the heap address to
m->private, vmalloc_info_show() should allocate the heap.
CVSS Score
4.7
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-25
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
mtd: spinand: fix memory leak of ECC engine conf
Memory allocated for the ECC engine conf is not released during spinand
cleanup. Below kmemleak trace is seen for this memory leak:
unreferenced object 0xffffff80064f00e0 (size 8):
comm "swapper/0", pid 1, jiffies 4294937458
hex dump (first 8 bytes):
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........
backtrace (crc 0):
kmemleak_alloc+0x30/0x40
__kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x208/0x3c0
spinand_ondie_ecc_init_ctx+0x114/0x200
nand_ecc_init_ctx+0x70/0xa8
nanddev_ecc_engine_init+0xec/0x27c
spinand_probe+0xa2c/0x1620
spi_mem_probe+0x130/0x21c
spi_probe+0xf0/0x170
really_probe+0x17c/0x6e8
__driver_probe_device+0x17c/0x21c
driver_probe_device+0x58/0x180
__device_attach_driver+0x15c/0x1f8
bus_for_each_drv+0xec/0x150
__device_attach+0x188/0x24c
device_initial_probe+0x10/0x20
bus_probe_device+0x11c/0x160
Fix the leak by calling nanddev_ecc_engine_cleanup() inside
spinand_cleanup().
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-25
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net: usb: lan78xx: fix WARN in __netif_napi_del_locked on disconnect
Remove redundant netif_napi_del() call from disconnect path.
A WARN may be triggered in __netif_napi_del_locked() during USB device
disconnect:
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 11 at net/core/dev.c:7417 __netif_napi_del_locked+0x2b4/0x350
This happens because netif_napi_del() is called in the disconnect path while
NAPI is still enabled. However, it is not necessary to call netif_napi_del()
explicitly, since unregister_netdev() will handle NAPI teardown automatically
and safely. Removing the redundant call avoids triggering the warning.
Full trace:
lan78xx 1-1:1.0 enu1: Failed to read register index 0x000000c4. ret = -ENODEV
lan78xx 1-1:1.0 enu1: Failed to set MAC down with error -ENODEV
lan78xx 1-1:1.0 enu1: Link is Down
lan78xx 1-1:1.0 enu1: Failed to read register index 0x00000120. ret = -ENODEV
------------[ cut here ]------------
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 11 at net/core/dev.c:7417 __netif_napi_del_locked+0x2b4/0x350
Modules linked in: flexcan can_dev fuse
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 11 Comm: kworker/0:1 Not tainted 6.16.0-rc2-00624-ge926949dab03 #9 PREEMPT
Hardware name: SKOV IMX8MP CPU revC - bd500 (DT)
Workqueue: usb_hub_wq hub_event
pstate: 60000005 (nZCv daif -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
pc : __netif_napi_del_locked+0x2b4/0x350
lr : __netif_napi_del_locked+0x7c/0x350
sp : ffffffc085b673c0
x29: ffffffc085b673c0 x28: ffffff800b7f2000 x27: ffffff800b7f20d8
x26: ffffff80110bcf58 x25: ffffff80110bd978 x24: 1ffffff0022179eb
x23: ffffff80110bc000 x22: ffffff800b7f5000 x21: ffffff80110bc000
x20: ffffff80110bcf38 x19: ffffff80110bcf28 x18: dfffffc000000000
x17: ffffffc081578940 x16: ffffffc08284cee0 x15: 0000000000000028
x14: 0000000000000006 x13: 0000000000040000 x12: ffffffb0022179e8
x11: 1ffffff0022179e7 x10: ffffffb0022179e7 x9 : dfffffc000000000
x8 : 0000004ffdde8619 x7 : ffffff80110bcf3f x6 : 0000000000000001
x5 : ffffff80110bcf38 x4 : ffffff80110bcf38 x3 : 0000000000000000
x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : 1ffffff0022179e7 x0 : 0000000000000000
Call trace:
__netif_napi_del_locked+0x2b4/0x350 (P)
lan78xx_disconnect+0xf4/0x360
usb_unbind_interface+0x158/0x718
device_remove+0x100/0x150
device_release_driver_internal+0x308/0x478
device_release_driver+0x1c/0x30
bus_remove_device+0x1a8/0x368
device_del+0x2e0/0x7b0
usb_disable_device+0x244/0x540
usb_disconnect+0x220/0x758
hub_event+0x105c/0x35e0
process_one_work+0x760/0x17b0
worker_thread+0x768/0xce8
kthread+0x3bc/0x690
ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
irq event stamp: 211604
hardirqs last enabled at (211603): [<ffffffc0828cc9ec>] _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x84/0x98
hardirqs last disabled at (211604): [<ffffffc0828a9a84>] el1_dbg+0x24/0x80
softirqs last enabled at (211296): [<ffffffc080095f10>] handle_softirqs+0x820/0xbc8
softirqs last disabled at (210993): [<ffffffc080010288>] __do_softirq+0x18/0x20
---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
lan78xx 1-1:1.0 enu1: failed to kill vid 0081/0
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-25
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ACPICA: Refuse to evaluate a method if arguments are missing
As reported in [1], a platform firmware update that increased the number
of method parameters and forgot to update a least one of its callers,
caused ACPICA to crash due to use-after-free.
Since this a result of a clear AML issue that arguably cannot be fixed
up by the interpreter (it cannot produce missing data out of thin air),
address it by making ACPICA refuse to evaluate a method if the caller
attempts to pass fewer arguments than expected to it.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-25
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/v3d: Disable interrupts before resetting the GPU
Currently, an interrupt can be triggered during a GPU reset, which can
lead to GPU hangs and NULL pointer dereference in an interrupt context
as shown in the following trace:
[ 314.035040] Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 00000000000000c0
[ 314.043822] Mem abort info:
[ 314.046606] ESR = 0x0000000096000005
[ 314.050347] EC = 0x25: DABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits
[ 314.055651] SET = 0, FnV = 0
[ 314.058695] EA = 0, S1PTW = 0
[ 314.061826] FSC = 0x05: level 1 translation fault
[ 314.066694] Data abort info:
[ 314.069564] ISV = 0, ISS = 0x00000005, ISS2 = 0x00000000
[ 314.075039] CM = 0, WnR = 0, TnD = 0, TagAccess = 0
[ 314.080080] GCS = 0, Overlay = 0, DirtyBit = 0, Xs = 0
[ 314.085382] user pgtable: 4k pages, 39-bit VAs, pgdp=0000000102728000
[ 314.091814] [00000000000000c0] pgd=0000000000000000, p4d=0000000000000000, pud=0000000000000000
[ 314.100511] Internal error: Oops: 0000000096000005 [#1] PREEMPT SMP
[ 314.106770] Modules linked in: v3d i2c_brcmstb vc4 snd_soc_hdmi_codec gpu_sched drm_shmem_helper drm_display_helper cec drm_dma_helper drm_kms_helper drm drm_panel_orientation_quirks snd_soc_core snd_compress snd_pcm_dmaengine snd_pcm snd_timer snd backlight
[ 314.129654] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.12.25+rpt-rpi-v8 #1 Debian 1:6.12.25-1+rpt1
[ 314.139388] Hardware name: Raspberry Pi 4 Model B Rev 1.4 (DT)
[ 314.145211] pstate: 600000c5 (nZCv daIF -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
[ 314.152165] pc : v3d_irq+0xec/0x2e0 [v3d]
[ 314.156187] lr : v3d_irq+0xe0/0x2e0 [v3d]
[ 314.160198] sp : ffffffc080003ea0
[ 314.163502] x29: ffffffc080003ea0 x28: ffffffec1f184980 x27: 021202b000000000
[ 314.170633] x26: ffffffec1f17f630 x25: ffffff8101372000 x24: ffffffec1f17d9f0
[ 314.177764] x23: 000000000000002a x22: 000000000000002a x21: ffffff8103252000
[ 314.184895] x20: 0000000000000001 x19: 00000000deadbeef x18: 0000000000000000
[ 314.192026] x17: ffffff94e51d2000 x16: ffffffec1dac3cb0 x15: c306000000000000
[ 314.199156] x14: 0000000000000000 x13: b2fc982e03cc5168 x12: 0000000000000001
[ 314.206286] x11: ffffff8103f8bcc0 x10: ffffffec1f196868 x9 : ffffffec1dac3874
[ 314.213416] x8 : 0000000000000000 x7 : 0000000000042a3a x6 : ffffff810017a180
[ 314.220547] x5 : ffffffec1ebad400 x4 : ffffffec1ebad320 x3 : 00000000000bebeb
[ 314.227677] x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : 0000000000000000
[ 314.234807] Call trace:
[ 314.237243] v3d_irq+0xec/0x2e0 [v3d]
[ 314.240906] __handle_irq_event_percpu+0x58/0x218
[ 314.245609] handle_irq_event+0x54/0xb8
[ 314.249439] handle_fasteoi_irq+0xac/0x240
[ 314.253527] handle_irq_desc+0x48/0x68
[ 314.257269] generic_handle_domain_irq+0x24/0x38
[ 314.261879] gic_handle_irq+0x48/0xd8
[ 314.265533] call_on_irq_stack+0x24/0x58
[ 314.269448] do_interrupt_handler+0x88/0x98
[ 314.273624] el1_interrupt+0x34/0x68
[ 314.277193] el1h_64_irq_handler+0x18/0x28
[ 314.281281] el1h_64_irq+0x64/0x68
[ 314.284673] default_idle_call+0x3c/0x168
[ 314.288675] do_idle+0x1fc/0x230
[ 314.291895] cpu_startup_entry+0x3c/0x50
[ 314.295810] rest_init+0xe4/0xf0
[ 314.299030] start_kernel+0x5e8/0x790
[ 314.302684] __primary_switched+0x80/0x90
[ 314.306691] Code: 940029eb 360ffc13 f9442ea0 52800001 (f9406017)
[ 314.312775] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
[ 314.317384] Kernel panic - not syncing: Oops: Fatal exception in interrupt
[ 314.324249] SMP: stopping secondary CPUs
[ 314.328167] Kernel Offset: 0x2b9da00000 from 0xffffffc080000000
[ 314.334076] PHYS_OFFSET: 0x0
[ 314.336946] CPU features: 0x08,00002013,c0200000,0200421b
[ 314.342337] Memory Limit: none
[ 314.345382] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: Oops: Fatal exception in interrupt ]---
Before resetting the G
---truncated---
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-25
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
RDMA/mlx5: Fix unsafe xarray access in implicit ODP handling
__xa_store() and __xa_erase() were used without holding the proper lock,
which led to a lockdep warning due to unsafe RCU usage. This patch
replaces them with xa_store() and xa_erase(), which perform the necessary
locking internally.
=============================
WARNING: suspicious RCPU usage
6.14.0-rc7_for_upstream_debug_2025_03_18_15_01 #1 Not tainted
-----------------------------
./include/linux/xarray.h:1211 suspicious rcu_dereference_protected() usage!
other info that might help us debug this:
rcu_scheduler_active = 2, debug_locks = 1
3 locks held by kworker/u136:0/219:
at: process_one_work+0xbe4/0x15f0
process_one_work+0x75c/0x15f0
pagefault_mr+0x9a5/0x1390 [mlx5_ib]
stack backtrace:
CPU: 14 UID: 0 PID: 219 Comm: kworker/u136:0 Not tainted
6.14.0-rc7_for_upstream_debug_2025_03_18_15_01 #1
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS
rel-1.16.0-0-gd239552ce722-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014
Workqueue: mlx5_ib_page_fault mlx5_ib_eqe_pf_action [mlx5_ib]
Call Trace:
dump_stack_lvl+0xa8/0xc0
lockdep_rcu_suspicious+0x1e6/0x260
xas_create+0xb8a/0xee0
xas_store+0x73/0x14c0
__xa_store+0x13c/0x220
? xa_store_range+0x390/0x390
? spin_bug+0x1d0/0x1d0
pagefault_mr+0xcb5/0x1390 [mlx5_ib]
? _raw_spin_unlock+0x1f/0x30
mlx5_ib_eqe_pf_action+0x3be/0x2620 [mlx5_ib]
? lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare+0x400/0x400
? mlx5_ib_invalidate_range+0xcb0/0xcb0 [mlx5_ib]
process_one_work+0x7db/0x15f0
? pwq_dec_nr_in_flight+0xda0/0xda0
? assign_work+0x168/0x240
worker_thread+0x57d/0xcd0
? rescuer_thread+0xc40/0xc40
kthread+0x3b3/0x800
? kthread_is_per_cpu+0xb0/0xb0
? lock_downgrade+0x680/0x680
? do_raw_spin_lock+0x12d/0x270
? spin_bug+0x1d0/0x1d0
? finish_task_switch.isra.0+0x284/0x9e0
? lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare+0x284/0x400
? kthread_is_per_cpu+0xb0/0xb0
ret_from_fork+0x2d/0x70
? kthread_is_per_cpu+0xb0/0xb0
ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-25
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
IB/mlx5: Fix potential deadlock in MR deregistration
The issue arises when kzalloc() is invoked while holding umem_mutex or
any other lock acquired under umem_mutex. This is problematic because
kzalloc() can trigger fs_reclaim_aqcuire(), which may, in turn, invoke
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(). This function can lead to
mlx5_ib_invalidate_range(), which attempts to acquire umem_mutex again,
resulting in a deadlock.
The problematic flow:
CPU0 | CPU1
---------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------
mlx5_ib_dereg_mr() |
→ revoke_mr() |
→ mutex_lock(&umem_odp->umem_mutex) |
| mlx5_mkey_cache_init()
| → mutex_lock(&dev->cache.rb_lock)
| → mlx5r_cache_create_ent_locked()
| → kzalloc(GFP_KERNEL)
| → fs_reclaim()
| → mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start()
| → mlx5_ib_invalidate_range()
| → mutex_lock(&umem_odp->umem_mutex)
→ cache_ent_find_and_store() |
→ mutex_lock(&dev->cache.rb_lock) |
Additionally, when kzalloc() is called from within
cache_ent_find_and_store(), we encounter the same deadlock due to
re-acquisition of umem_mutex.
Solve by releasing umem_mutex in dereg_mr() after umr_revoke_mr()
and before acquiring rb_lock. This ensures that we don't hold
umem_mutex while performing memory allocations that could trigger
the reclaim path.
This change prevents the deadlock by ensuring proper lock ordering and
avoiding holding locks during memory allocation operations that could
trigger the reclaim path.
The following lockdep warning demonstrates the deadlock:
python3/20557 is trying to acquire lock:
ffff888387542128 (&umem_odp->umem_mutex){+.+.}-{4:4}, at:
mlx5_ib_invalidate_range+0x5b/0x550 [mlx5_ib]
but task is already holding lock:
ffffffff82f6b840 (mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start){+.+.}-{0:0}, at:
unmap_vmas+0x7b/0x1a0
which lock already depends on the new lock.
the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:
-> #3 (mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start){+.+.}-{0:0}:
fs_reclaim_acquire+0x60/0xd0
mem_cgroup_css_alloc+0x6f/0x9b0
cgroup_init_subsys+0xa4/0x240
cgroup_init+0x1c8/0x510
start_kernel+0x747/0x760
x86_64_start_reservations+0x25/0x30
x86_64_start_kernel+0x73/0x80
common_startup_64+0x129/0x138
-> #2 (fs_reclaim){+.+.}-{0:0}:
fs_reclaim_acquire+0x91/0xd0
__kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x4d/0x4c0
mlx5r_cache_create_ent_locked+0x75/0x620 [mlx5_ib]
mlx5_mkey_cache_init+0x186/0x360 [mlx5_ib]
mlx5_ib_stage_post_ib_reg_umr_init+0x3c/0x60 [mlx5_ib]
__mlx5_ib_add+0x4b/0x190 [mlx5_ib]
mlx5r_probe+0xd9/0x320 [mlx5_ib]
auxiliary_bus_probe+0x42/0x70
really_probe+0xdb/0x360
__driver_probe_device+0x8f/0x130
driver_probe_device+0x1f/0xb0
__driver_attach+0xd4/0x1f0
bus_for_each_dev+0x79/0xd0
bus_add_driver+0xf0/0x200
driver_register+0x6e/0xc0
__auxiliary_driver_register+0x6a/0xc0
do_one_initcall+0x5e/0x390
do_init_module+0x88/0x240
init_module_from_file+0x85/0xc0
idempotent_init_module+0x104/0x300
__x64_sys_finit_module+0x68/0xc0
do_syscall_64+0x6d/0x140
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53
-> #1 (&dev->cache.rb_lock){+.+.}-{4:4}:
__mutex_lock+0x98/0xf10
__mlx5_ib_dereg_mr+0x6f2/0x890 [mlx5_ib]
mlx5_ib_dereg_mr+0x21/0x110 [mlx5_ib]
ib_dereg_mr_user+0x85/0x1f0 [ib_core]
---truncated---
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-25
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
optee: ffa: fix sleep in atomic context
The OP-TEE driver registers the function notif_callback() for FF-A
notifications. However, this function is called in an atomic context
leading to errors like this when processing asynchronous notifications:
| BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at kernel/locking/mutex.c:258
| in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 1, non_block: 0, pid: 9, name: kworker/0:0
| preempt_count: 1, expected: 0
| RCU nest depth: 0, expected: 0
| CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 9 Comm: kworker/0:0 Not tainted 6.14.0-00019-g657536ebe0aa #13
| Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)
| Workqueue: ffa_pcpu_irq_notification notif_pcpu_irq_work_fn
| Call trace:
| show_stack+0x18/0x24 (C)
| dump_stack_lvl+0x78/0x90
| dump_stack+0x18/0x24
| __might_resched+0x114/0x170
| __might_sleep+0x48/0x98
| mutex_lock+0x24/0x80
| optee_get_msg_arg+0x7c/0x21c
| simple_call_with_arg+0x50/0xc0
| optee_do_bottom_half+0x14/0x20
| notif_callback+0x3c/0x48
| handle_notif_callbacks+0x9c/0xe0
| notif_get_and_handle+0x40/0x88
| generic_exec_single+0x80/0xc0
| smp_call_function_single+0xfc/0x1a0
| notif_pcpu_irq_work_fn+0x2c/0x38
| process_one_work+0x14c/0x2b4
| worker_thread+0x2e4/0x3e0
| kthread+0x13c/0x210
| ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
Fix this by adding work queue to process the notification in a
non-atomic context.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-25