Security Vulnerabilities - CVEs Published In July 2025
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net/sched: Always pass notifications when child class becomes empty
Certain classful qdiscs may invoke their classes' dequeue handler on an
enqueue operation. This may unexpectedly empty the child qdisc and thus
make an in-flight class passive via qlen_notify(). Most qdiscs do not
expect such behaviour at this point in time and may re-activate the
class eventually anyways which will lead to a use-after-free.
The referenced fix commit attempted to fix this behavior for the HFSC
case by moving the backlog accounting around, though this turned out to
be incomplete since the parent's parent may run into the issue too.
The following reproducer demonstrates this use-after-free:
tc qdisc add dev lo root handle 1: drr
tc filter add dev lo parent 1: basic classid 1:1
tc class add dev lo parent 1: classid 1:1 drr
tc qdisc add dev lo parent 1:1 handle 2: hfsc def 1
tc class add dev lo parent 2: classid 2:1 hfsc rt m1 8 d 1 m2 0
tc qdisc add dev lo parent 2:1 handle 3: netem
tc qdisc add dev lo parent 3:1 handle 4: blackhole
echo 1 | socat -u STDIN UDP4-DATAGRAM:127.0.0.1:8888
tc class delete dev lo classid 1:1
echo 1 | socat -u STDIN UDP4-DATAGRAM:127.0.0.1:8888
Since backlog accounting issues leading to a use-after-frees on stale
class pointers is a recurring pattern at this point, this patch takes
a different approach. Instead of trying to fix the accounting, the patch
ensures that qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog always calls qlen_notify when
the child qdisc is empty. This solves the problem because deletion of
qdiscs always involves a call to qdisc_reset() and / or
qdisc_purge_queue() which ultimately resets its qlen to 0 thus causing
the following qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog() to report to the parent. Note
that this may call qlen_notify on passive classes multiple times. This
is not a problem after the recent patch series that made all the
classful qdiscs qlen_notify() handlers idempotent.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-19
In the OpenSSL compatibility layer implementation, the function RAND_poll() was not behaving as expected and leading to the potential for predictable values returned from RAND_bytes() after fork() is called. This can lead to weak or predictable random numbers generated in applications that are both using RAND_bytes() and doing fork() operations. This only affects applications explicitly calling RAND_bytes() after fork() and does not affect any internal TLS operations. Although RAND_bytes() documentation in OpenSSL calls out not being safe for use with fork() without first calling RAND_poll(), an additional code change was also made in wolfSSL to make RAND_bytes() behave similar to OpenSSL after a fork() call without calling RAND_poll(). Now the Hash-DRBG used gets reseeded after detecting running in a new process. If making use of RAND_bytes() and calling fork() we recommend updating to the latest version of wolfSSL. Thanks to Per Allansson from Appgate for the report.
CVSS Score
7.0
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-07-18
In wolfSSL release 5.8.2 blinding support is turned on by default for Curve25519 in applicable builds. The blinding configure option is only for the base C implementation of Curve25519. It is not needed, or available with; ARM assembly builds, Intel assembly builds, and the small Curve25519 feature. While the side-channel attack on extracting a private key would be very difficult to execute in practice, enabling blinding provides an additional layer of protection for devices that may be more susceptible to physical access or side-channel observation.
CVSS Score
5.6
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-07-18
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in code-projects Food Ordering Review System 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /pages/signup_function.php. The manipulation of the argument fname leads to sql injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Other parameters might be affected as well.
CVSS Score
6.9
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-07-18
StudentManage v1.0 was discovered to contain a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability via the Add A New Student module.
CVSS Score
4.8
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-07-18
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Tenda FH451 1.0.0.9. This vulnerability affects the function fromSafeClientFilter of the file /goform/SafeClientFilter. The manipulation of the argument Go/page leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
CVSS Score
7.4
EPSS Score
0.005
Published
2025-07-18
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Tenda FH451 1.0.0.9. This issue affects the function fromSafeUrlFilter of the file /goform/SafeUrlFilter. The manipulation of the argument Go/page leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
CVSS Score
7.4
EPSS Score
0.005
Published
2025-07-18
StudentManage v1.0 was discovered to contain a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability via the Add A New Course module.
CVSS Score
4.8
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-07-18
MRCMS v3.1.2 was discovered to contain a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability via the component /admin/group/save.do.
CVSS Score
4.8
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-07-18
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in Tenda FH451 1.0.0.9. This affects the function fromPptpUserSetting of the file /goform/PPTPUserSetting. The manipulation of the argument delno leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
CVSS Score
7.4
EPSS Score
0.005
Published
2025-07-18